äžäŒå®çŽãéºããèšè[ç·šé]
ãŠã£ãã¯ã©ãŒãã«äžäŒã«é¢ããåŒçšå¥éããããŸãã
éæŸã¯å¥åã®æ
ã®äžéå¡ãã§ããããããã§ããããªã[7][泚 4]
éè¿Šãšããµ ããã¥ããã®ãäžã«ãã§ãŠ ãã»ãã®äººããŸãã¯ãããª
ç§é¢šäžå€çŸå幎ïŒç§é¢šã®ãªãããªããšå
±ã«ãããããã¯çŸå¹Žã«ãå幎ã®æ³æã«ãå€ãããã®ã ïŒ
è±ã¯æ¡æšã人ã¯æŠå£«ãæ±ã¯æ¡§ãéã¯é¯ãå°è¢ ã¯ãã¿ããè±ã¯ã¿ããã®
女ãã° æ³ã®åŸ¡èµãš äºããå®ã« éè¿Šãé磚ã ã²ããã²ãããšçã
äžã®äžã¯èµ·ããŠç®±ããŠ(ç³ããŠ)å¯ãŠé£ã£ãŠåŸã¯æ»ã¬ãåŸ
ã€ã°ãããªã
åç¡éè¿Šãã åšå©ããå°çãã èŠãã楜ãã ã©ããããããããš ãããæããã
ãªãã¢ã³ãããªçªæšãã«ãã£ãŠãäžäŒã®èšèããšããŠæµåžãããŠããããã®éãè¡ãã°ã©ããªããã®ãâŠãã«å§ãŸãèšèã¯å®éã«ã¯äžäŒã®èšèã§ã¯ãªãæèšã«å€å°ã®çžéã¯ãããã®ã®ãããšã¯æž
æ²¢å²å€«ã®ãéããšããè©©ã§ãã£ããšèŠããã[8]ã
åãããäžäŒã®éºæãšããŠãå¿é
ãããªããªããšããªãããšãããã®ããã£ããšãã話ãåºãç¥ãããŠããããåå
žã¯äžæã§ãããäžäŒã«é¢ããäºè±¡ãšæèšã§ããªããããäŒèšäœå®¶ãåµäœãããšãã説ãããã
ããããããããã_
ããããããã ïŒâãâãããããããã
ããããããïŒïŒâïŒ ãïŒâïŒ ïŒŒ
ãããã ïŒã ãïŒ__人__ïŒ ã ã ãã
ã ã ã |ããããïœ âÂŽãã ããã|ãããã
ã ãã ããããã ã ããããïŒãããã
ã ã ã ã ïŒããããããããã
äžäŒçŠ
åž«ããã»ã»ã»
[å¿åãã]
ããããããããã_
ããããããã ïŒâãâãããããããã
ããããããïŒïŒâïŒ ãïŒâïŒ ïŒŒããããšããããæµåçå®ãçŠ
å®ãçèšå®ããå®ããšããš
ãããã ïŒã ãïŒ__人__ïŒ ã ã ããçèšãçŠ
ãçèšã«ãªã£ãŠ
ã ã ã |ããããïœ âÂŽãã ããã|ãããã
ã ãã ããããã ã ããããïŒããããããããã¯ãããŒïŒèµ€ç©æµªå£«ïŒãŠãã§ããããããŒïŒæ±æžã£åïŒ
ã ã ã ã ïŒããããããããã
[å¿åãã]
å±±ã®å
¥ãå£ã«è·é
å±±éæžããŠãã£ããããã§ããã
ãããæå³åãããªãããã
ãšããã©ã€ãšã¯ãµã€ã®ã¯å
¥ããªã£ãŠæå³ã ãšæã£ããã©ã
ããšã¯èªå·±è²¬ä»»ã§ãé¡ãããŸãã£ãŠãšãã ããã
ããããããããã_
ããããããã ïŒâãâãããããããã
ããããããïŒïŒâïŒ ãïŒâïŒ ïŒŒ
ãããã ïŒã ãïŒ__人__ïŒ ã ã ãã
ã ã ã |ããããïœ âÂŽãã ããã|ãããã
ã ãã ããããã ã ããããïŒãããã
ã ã ã ã ïŒããããããããã
[å¿åãã]
å€å³¯ã®éšçã«èµ€ãšããŒ
å€å³¯ã«èµ€ã倩çã®è»èåïŒ
æ¬å€å¿ åã®è»èåïŒ
ããããããããã_
ããããããã ïŒâãâãããããããã
ããããããïŒïŒâïŒ ãïŒâïŒ ïŒŒ
ãããã ïŒã ãïŒ__人__ïŒ ã ã ãã
ã ã ã |ããããïœ âÂŽãã ããã|ãããã
ã ãã ããããã ã ããããïŒãããã
ã ã ã ã ïŒããããããããã
æ¬å€ å¿ åïŒã»ãã ãã ãã€ïŒã¯ãæŠåœæ代ããæ±æžæ代åæã«ãããŠã®æŠå°ã»å€§åã埳å·æ°ã®å®¶è£ãäžç·å€§å€åè©å代è©äž»ãäŒå¢æ¡åè©å代è©äž»ãå¿ åç³»æ¬å€å®¶å®å®¶å代ãæ¬å§ã¯è€åæ°ãé称ã¯å¹³å
«éïŒãžãã¯ã¡ããïŒã
埳å·å倩çã»åŸ³å·åå
ç¥å°ã»åŸ³å·äžåã«æ°ãããã家康ã®åè£ãšããŠçŸåšãé¡åœ°ãããŠããã
[å¿åãã]
æŠèŠ[ç·šé]
æ¬å§ã¯æåéããæ¬æ¥ã®å§ããæå³ãããéåæ代ååŸããå
¬å¿ãæŠå£«ã®éã«ãããŠå®¶åãååïŒèåïŒãæ®åãããããŸã§ã®æ°ãäžå¿ãšãã人ååŒç§°ã«å€§ããªå€åãèŠãããã
äŸãã°ãå¹³å®æ代ãŸã§ã§ããã°è€åéé·ãè
åéçãªã©ãæ°ãšè«±ãäžå¿ãšãã人åãå€ãèŠåããããæ°ãšè«±ã®éã«ã¯ããµããã-ã®-ã¿ã¡ãªããããããã-ã®-ã¿ã¡ããããªã©ãã®ããå
¥ãã人åãäž»æµã§ãã£ãã
ããããäŸãã°è€åæ°ã¯è€åå家ãè€åå家ãªã©ã«åãããã家ããæèãããããã«ãªãããŸããæž
åæºæ°ã§ã¯æºæºä»²ã®é·ç·æºé Œå
ããã¯æ接æºæ°ã次ç·æºé ŒèŠªããã¯å€§åæºæ°ãäžç·æºé Œä¿¡ããã¯æ²³å
æºæ°ããããã«æ²³å
æºæ°ããç³å·æºæ°ãåããããšãã£ãããã«ãå
±éã®å
ç¥ãæã€åæã®ãã¡ã§ã系統ååããæ¯æããããã«è¡ææèãçããå¹³å®æ代æ«æã«è³ããšç¥è¡ãèåãªã©æé ããåå°ã®å°åãååãšããŠæ°ããªè¡æåäœãçãŸããã代衚çãªæºæ°ã»å¹³æ°ã»è€åæ°ã»æ©æ°ã¯ãæºå¹³è€æ©ãïŒåå§ïŒãšç·ç§°ãããŠãã[1]ã
æž
åæºæ°ã§ã¯æºçŸ©åœãç¥ãšããæ°ç°æ°ã足å©æ°ãæºçŸ©å
ãç¥ãšããäœç«¹æ°ãæŠç°æ°ãèåã§ãããæ¡æŠå¹³æ°ãªã©ã§ãåæ¡æ°ãã¯ããã倧åºæ°ãäžæµŠæ°ãåè¥æ°ãé·åŽæ°ãªã©ããŸããŸãªååã掟çããååãåå«ã«åŒãç¶ãããããšã«ãããæ°ã«ä»£ããè¡æåŒç§°ãšããŠåºãŸã£ãã
ååã¯å«¡ç·ã«ã®ã¿åãç¶ããã庶åã¯å¥ã®ååã称ããŠåº¶å®¶ãšããŠæŽŸçããããšãå€ããäŸãã°æºæ°äžéã®è¶³å©æ°ããã¯ãæ¯æ³¢æ°ãåè¯æ°ãªã©ã®åº¶å®¶ã掟çããå¹³æ°ã®æµããæ±²ãè±å³¶æ°ããè西æ°ã掟çãããããã«ãã£ãŠååã¯ç¡æ°ã«åºãŸã£ãŠãã£ãã®ã§ããããã®ååã®åºçŸã¯ãæ°æ人å£ã®æ¡å€§ã§ãå¿
ãããæ°ã ãã§ã¯å人ã®å€å¥ãé£ããäžãåæ°æéã®äžææ§æãåºå¥ããæ°ããªåäœãšããŠæ©èœãããšãšãã«ãååããã£ãŠæé ã®æ¯é
æš©ã®æ£åœæ§ã称ãã倧ããªæå³ãæã£ãã
[å¿åãã]
ãšã¯ããååã®åºçŸã¯ãå€ä»£ããåŒãç¶ãããæ°ãšããæ°æå称ã«åã£ãŠä»£ãã£ãããã§ã¯ãªããå
¬çãªææžã«ãããŠã¯å®äœãšãšãã«æ°ãšè«±ãèšèŒãããäœããåºèº«æ°æãéãããåœæã®åèªæèããããŠãæ°ã¯å®¶æã®ç±ç·ã瀺ãèªãã§ããç¶ããã
ãããããšãããæŠåœæ代ããæ±æžæ代ãšæ代ãäžãã«ã€ããå€ä»£æ°æã®ç³»èã«å±ããæ°çŽ æ§ã®æããã§ãªãæŠå°ã倧åãšããŠå°é ããå®äœãæãã«éããŠç¹å®ã®æ°æãè©ç§°ããããšãå¢ãããšãã«ã¯æ¿æ²»çæå³ããã£ãŠæ¬å§ã®å€æŽãé¡ãåºãããšããããæ¬å§ã¯æ°æã®ç±ç·ã瀺ãåŒç§°ãšããŠã®ä¿¡çšæ§ãäœäžãããéšåãããã
ææ²»3幎ïŒ1870幎ïŒã®å¹³æ°èåèš±å¯ä»€ãææ²»8幎ïŒ1875幎ïŒã®å¹³æ°èåå¿
称矩å什ã«ãããæ¥æ¬åœæ°ã¯ã¿ãªå
¬çã«èåïŒæ³çã«ã¯åŸã«ãæ°ããšåŒç§°ãããããšãšãªãïŒãæã€ããšã«ãªããããã«ãã£ãŠå§ïŒæ¬å§ïŒãšååã»èåã®åºå¥ã¯å€±ãããã
æ¬å§ïŒèåã®ä»£è¡šçãªå®¶ç³»: æºçŸ©å¿ æµæºæ°ïŒæºçŸ©é«ã»æºçŸ©æž
åã³æºçŸ©éã®åå«ïŒã¯çŸåšããæºãèåãšããŠãããæ±æžæ代ã®è³æçã«ãèåãæºã§ãããå§ãæºãšããã[èŠåºå
ž]
æ¬å§ â èåã®ä»£è¡šçãªå®¶ç³»: ç²æåºæ°ïŒæ¥ æšæ£å£ã®åå«ïŒã®äžéšã¯ãææ²»ç¶æ°ãŸãã¯å¹æ«ã«èåãæ¥ æšãžæ»ãããã®åŸãææ²»æ代åæã«æ©ãèåãšããã
[å¿åãã]
諱ïŒãã¿ãªïŒãšã¯ã人åã®äžèŠçŽ ã«å¯Ÿããäžåœãªã©ã®æ±ã¢ãžã¢ã®æŒ¢ååã«ãããåŒç§°ã§ãããå¿ã¿åïŒãã¿ãªïŒãšãã挢åå以å€ã§ãåæ§ã®æŠå¿µã¯ãããè±èªã§ã¯ true nameïŒçŽèš³ãããšãçã®åãïŒãããã«åœããã
æŠèŠ[ç·šé]
諱ãšãã挢åã¯ãæ¥æ¬èªã§ã¯ãããããšèšããããããã«ãæ¬æ¥ã¯å£ã«åºãããšãã¯ã°ããããããšãæå³ããåè©ã§ããã
ãã®æŒ¢åã¯ãå€ä»£ã«è²Žäººãæ»è
ãæ¬åã§åŒã¶ããšãé¿ããç¿æ
£ããã£ãããšããã転ããŠäººã®æ¬åïŒåïŒã®ããšãæãããã«ãªã£ããæ¬æ¥ã¯ãååã®è¡šèšã¯çåã¯ãåããæ»åŸã¯ã諱ããšåŒãã§åºå¥ããã[1]ãã®ã¡ã«ã¯çåã«ããã®ãŒã£ãŠè«±ãšè¡šçŸãããªã©ãæ··åãèŠãããããã«ãªã£ã[èŠåºå
ž]ã諱ã«å¯ŸããŠæ®æ®µäººãåŒã¶ãšãã«äœ¿ãå称ã®ããšããåãšãããæ代ãäžããšå€ãã®äººã
ã諱ãšåãæã€ããã«ãªã£ãã
諱ã§åŒã³ãããããšã¯èŠªãäž»åãªã©ã®ã¿ã«èš±ããããã以å€ã®äººéã諱ã§åŒã³ãããããšã¯æ¥µããŠç¡ç€Œã§ãããšèããããïŒè©³çŽ°ã¯åŸè¿°ã®ãå®åæ¬é¿ä¿ãåã³é¿è«±ãåç
§ïŒã
ãŸããå§äŸ¶ãåæãããšãã«åããæ³åã®ããšããä»åŒåãšããŠæ°ãã«èº«ã«ã€ããçã®ååãšããæ矩ãã諱ïŒå³å¯ã«ã¯æ³è«±ïŒã»ãããã»ããïŒïŒãšãã£ãã
æ¥æ¬ã§ã¯æ代ãäžããšãå§äŸ¶ã®åæããä¿äººã®è¬åŒã§æ»è
ã«ææãæåãšããŠè«±ãäžããå瀌ãšããŠåãå
¥ããããããã®ãããçŸåšã§ã¯è«±ã¯è«¡ãšæ··åãããçŸä»£æ¥æ¬èªã§ã¯ãã°ãã°ã»ãšãã©å矩ã«äœ¿ãããããšãããã
[å¿åãã]
挢ååã§ã®åŒã³å[ç·šé]
äžåœãå§ããšããæ±ã¢ãžã¢ã®æŒ¢ååã§ã¯ã諱ãé¿ããŠæ§ã
ãªåŒç§°ãçšããããã以äžã«åæããã
å[ç·šé]
æ人ãã人éã®åŒã³åãšããŠè«±ã®ä»£ããã«åãçšããããã
é¶æœïŒè«±ïŒ - é¶æ·µæïŒåïŒ äŒå¡ïŒè«±ïŒ - äŒåè¥ïŒåïŒ
æé®®å島ã§ãçšããããã
è¶å
ç¥ïŒè«±ïŒ - è¶åçŽïŒåïŒ
æ¥æ¬ã®ç¥è人ãåãçšããå Žåããã°ãã°å§ãäžæåã®æŒ¢å§ã«å€ããŠäžåœé¢šã®å§åã«ããã
è»çéæŸïŒè«±ïŒ - ç©èå¿ïŒåïŒ å®ééŒïŒè«±ïŒ - å®å£«æ°ïŒåïŒ
å·[ç·šé]
æ人ã»ç¥è人ã®åŒã³åãšããŠè«±ã®ä»£ããã«å·ãçšããããã
è軟ïŒè«±ïŒ - èæ±å¡ïŒå·ïŒ å«æïŒè«±ïŒ - å«äžå±±ïŒå·ïŒ
æé®®å島ã§ãçšããããã
æç¥ïŒè«±ïŒ - ææ è°·ïŒå·ïŒ èš±æ¥å§«ïŒè«±ïŒ - èš±èéªè»ïŒå·ïŒ
ãããã ã§ãçšããããã
é®廌ïŒè«±ïŒ - é®ææïŒå·ïŒ é®æžïŒè«±ïŒ - é®æž
è»ïŒå·ïŒ
æ¥æ¬ã§ããæ±æžæ代ãäžå¿ã«çãã«çšããããã
æ°äºåçŸïŒè«±ïŒ - æ°äºçœç³ïŒå·ïŒ åç°ç©æ¹ïŒè«±ïŒ - åç°æŸé°ïŒå·ïŒ 平山æœïŒè«±ïŒ - 平山åç«ïŒå·ïŒ
[å¿åãã]
è«¡[ç·šé]
æ»åŸã«å瞟ãè®ããŠçµäœãè³ã£ãå Žåã諱ã®ä»£ããã«è«¡ãçšããããã
è«žè亮ïŒè«±ïŒ - è«žèæŠäŸ¯ïŒè«¡ïŒ çå®ç³ïŒè«±ïŒ - çæå
¬ïŒè«¡ïŒ
æé®®å島ã§ãçšããããã
æèè£ïŒè«±ïŒ - æå¿ æŠå
¬ïŒè«¡ïŒ
æ¥æ¬ã§ããæ±æžæ代ã«çšããããã
埳å·å
åïŒè«±ïŒ - 埳å·çŸ©å
¬ïŒè«¡ïŒ äŒéæ¿å®ïŒè«±ïŒ - äŒéè²å±±å
¬ïŒè«¡ïŒ
å®å[ç·šé]
å®è·ã«ã€ããŠããïŒããïŒäººç©ã®åŒã³åãšããŠè«±ã®ä»£ããã«å®åãçšããããã
嵆康ïŒè«±ïŒ - 嵆äžæ£ïŒå®åïŒ æç«ïŒè«±ïŒ - æå·¥éšïŒå®åïŒ
åºå²ãªã©ã®å°æ¹é·å®ã§ããå Žåã«ã¯ã統治ããå°æ¹åãåŒã³åãšãªãå Žåããã£ãã
ååïŒè«±ïŒ - å豫å·ïŒå®åïŒ æ³å®å
ïŒè«±ïŒ - æ³æ³å·ïŒå®åïŒ
æ¥æ¬ã§ããå®åããã®ãŸãŸåŒã³åãšããããšããã£ãã
䌎åç·ïŒè«±ïŒ - 䌎倧çŽèšïŒå®åïŒ
ååã«ããäžåœé¢šã®å®åãåŒã³åãšããããšãå€ãã£ãã
å¹³æž
çïŒè«±ïŒ - å¹³çžåœïŒå®åïŒå€ªæ¿å€§è£ïŒ 埳å·å®¶åº·ïŒè«±ïŒ - 埳å·å
åºïŒå®åïŒå
倧è£ïŒ
ãŸãåé åãããå Žåã¯ãäžåœãšåãã統治ããåœåãåŒã³åãšããå Žåããã£ãã
å矩éŠïŒè«±ïŒ - åå®æ¿ïŒå®åïŒ
ãããäžäžä»¥éã®æ¥æ¬ã®å ŽåãæŠå£«éçŽã®äººéã¯ä»»å®ãããŠãããªãçŸå®åãåé åã奜ãåæã«èªç§°ããŠããããããããã®åŒã³åã¯å®éã®å®è·ã§ãããåãªãèªç§°ã§ãããã¯æ¥µããŠãããã«ãããäŸãã°ç¹ç°ä¿¡é·ã¯æå»·ããå³å€§è£ã«ä»»ããããŠããçºãç¹ç°ãå³åºãïŒå³å€§è£ã®ååïŒãšããåŒã³åã¯å®éã®å®åã«æ²¿ã£ããã®ã§ããããããäžè¬ã«ç¥ãããç¹ç°ãäžç·ä»ãã¯ãããããçŸå®åã§ããå
šãã®èªç§°ã§ãããå·Šè¡éãå³è¡éãå
µè¡ãšãã£ãå®åã¯é »ç¹ã«äœ¿ããããããå
ã¯å®åã§ãã£ãäºããå¿ãå»ãããå¹³æ°ã®ååã«ãã䜿ãããã»ã©ã§ãã£ãã
[å¿åãã]
æè¡[ç·šé]
æè¡ã諱ã®ä»£ããã«çšããå Žåããã£ãã
æ±å
çïŒè«±ïŒ - æ±éå
«ïŒæè¡ïŒ çœå±
æïŒè«±ïŒ - çœäºåäºïŒæè¡ïŒ
æé®®å島ã§ãçšããããã
éææŽïŒè«±ïŒ - éä¹ïŒæè¡ïŒ
æ¥æ¬ã§ãçšããããã
é£é å®éïŒè«±ïŒ - é£é äžäžïŒæè¡ïŒ 倩èæè²ïŒè«±ïŒ - 倩èåéïŒæè¡ïŒ
ãã ããæ¥æ¬ã§ã¯èŒ©è¡åã¯ä»®å (é称)ã®åœåæ³ã®äžã€ãšããŠçšããããã
æ¬ç±[ç·šé]
æ¬ç±ã®é¡åã諱ã®ä»£ããã«çšããå Žåããã£ãã
å浩ç¶ïŒè«±ïŒ - åè¥éœïŒæ¬ç±ïŒ 康æçºïŒè«±ïŒ - 康åæµ·ïŒæ¬ç±ïŒ
ãã®åŒã³åã¯æ¥æ¬ã§ã¯çšããããªãã£ãã
æè¡ïŒã¯ãããïŒã¯ãäžè¯åã«ããã人åã®åŒã³æ¹ã®äžçš®ã§ãå
åŒã®é·å¹Œã®é åºã«åŸã£ãŠã€ããããçªå·ãååãããã«çšããããšããããåãšåæ§ã«ã諱ãçŽæ¥åŒã¶ããšãé¿ããé称ã§ããã
åæ§ã®æ¥æ¬ã®æ
£ç¿ã«ã€ããŠã¯èŒ©è¡åãåç
§ã
æŠèŠ[ç·šé]
æè¡ã¯ãå
åŒã®é·å¹Œã®é ãååã®ãããã«äœ¿ããã®ã§ãããç·ãšå¥³ã¯å¥ã
ã«æ°ããé·ç·ã»é·å¥³ã¯ã倧ãã次ç·ã»æ¬¡å¥³ã¯ãäºãã以äžãäžã»åâŠâŠãã®ããã«æ°ããŠããã
åã«å§+æ°åã ãã§åŒã¶å Žåãå€ãããç·ãªããéãã女ãªããåšãã®ãããªæ¥å°ŸèŸãã€ããããšãããã
ãã€ãŠã®å€§å®¶æå¶ã®ããšã§ã¯ãåå§ã®ããšãïŒç¶ã®å
åŒã®åïŒãå«ããŠæ°ããŠãããããšãã°çœå±
æã¯çœäºåäºéãšåŒã°ããŠããã[1]ãçœå±
æã¯å人å
åŒã®æ¬¡ç·ã«ãããªã[2]ãèèã®çç·šå°èª¬ãé»çœæãã§ããäºäººå
åŒã®å
ãåŒããèåããšåŒãã§ããã䌯ç¶ã®åäŸãããããã«æè¡ãåçªç®ã«ãªããšèª¬æãããŠããã
ãªããåãå®æã®åäžä»£ã®ååã«åã挢åã䜿ãããšããæè¡ããšåŒã°ããããšãããã[3]ãçŸåšã§ã¯ã茩è¡åããå茩ããªã©ãšåŒã¶ã»ããæ®éã§ããã
[ããšããå«ããŠïŒ]
ç·ã®åãåãã§ããæããã女ã®åãåãã§ããæã®æ¹ãç¥æžãããåãã£ãœããªãïŒ
åšãã女åãå€ããŠå¥³ç³»ã ãããïŒ
ïŒïŒãæãããŠç£ãã ãšãããããžãããããããâãã誰ã ã£ãïŒ
ãã®éã®äºã¯ç¥ããªããã©
åŠå¥³ã®ãŸãŸç£ãã ãŸã§ãã£ãŠã説ãããããã
[å¿åãã]
çãŸããªããããã£ããããªããŠ
åèããåºç£ãŸã§ã®éã®ç¥æžããã®äºã ãããã
[å¿åãã]
æ¬å°å迹ïŒã»ãããããããïŒãšã¯ãä»æãèéããæ代ã«çºçããç¥ä»ç¿åææ³ã®äžã€ã§ãæ¥æ¬ã®å
«çŸäžã®ç¥ã
ã¯ãå®ã¯æ§ã
ãªä»ïŒè©è©ã倩éšãªã©ãå«ãïŒãå身ãšããŠæ¥æ¬ã®å°ã«çŸããæš©çŸïŒããããïŒã§ãããšããèãã§ããã
æ¥æ¬ã®ç¥ã
ãå
ãšã¯èšã£ãŠãããã
ããã«å¯Ÿããå迹ãšããææ³ã¯ãäžåœã®ãèåã倩éã«ããã迹ïŒæåã®è¿¹ïŒããæ以迹ïŒæåãæç«ãããŠããé=ã©ãïŒã«ç±æ¥ãã西æã®é象ïŒãããããïŒã¯ãèå泚ãã§ããããèçïŒå
èå€çïŒã®èª¬æã«ãããŠå±éãããâ迹âãçè
ãšããŠã®çµ±æ²»ã»äž»å°ãšããâæ以迹âãæ¬è³ªçãªè人ãšããŠåŒçšããã
ãããŠãåŸç§Šä»£ã®å§èããããä»æã«åãå
¥ãããå§èã¯ã泚ç¶æ©è©°çµãã§ãéã®ç匌ãªã©ã®âæ¬æ«âã®ææ³ãåŒçšããâæ以迹âãâæ¬âãšèšãæããŠãâæ¬âãè©è©ã®äžå¯æè°ãªã解è±ïŒæãã®å
容ïŒãšããâ迹âãè©è©ãè¡çãæåããããã«ç€ºçŸããæ¹äŸ¿ãšããŠäœ¿çšããã
æŽå²çèæ¯ãç¥ä»ç¿åãšæ¥æ¬ã®ä»ææ¿ç
äž»åŸã«é¢ããŠåæ¬å°å迹ã§è§Šãããç¥ãäž»ã§ä»ãåŸããšãããŠããã
æŽå²ãšææ³ããã£ããåããŠèãããã®ãšèåããããã®ã®æäœïŒã€ã¯èããäºã«ãªãã®ããªã
äœèšã£ãŠããåãããªãããŠãã£ãããããªãïŒ
[å¿åãã]
å
ã«ä»æããã£ãã£ãŠããã®ãåã«ããªãæ¹ã«èŠããããã«ããããããªãïŒ
éåæ代ã«çè«ãšããŠæç«ããã£ãŠãããã©ããããããšå€äºèšãšæ¥æ¬æžçŽããã
ããã ãšçè«ãšããŠã¯ä»ãäž»ã£ãŠãããŠãããã
æ¥æ¬ã®äžã ããããªããŠäžçã§èŠãã£ãŠãããŠããã©ãä»æã®äŒæ¥ãå
ã§ãã®åŸã«ç¥éãåºæ¥ããšãèªãããã«ãªããã©ãç¥ç€Ÿã®æŽå²ãªããããªãïŒ
æšé å»ºç¯ - æ³é寺ã®éå ïŒè¥¿é¢äŒœèïŒãäºéå¡ïŒå¥è¯ççé§é¡æ鳩çºã607幎建ç¯ã670幎ã«çŒå€±åŸå建ïŒâ»çŸåããäžçæå€ã§ããã
ïœïœïœïœã ãšå»ºé ç©ãšããŠã®æå€ã®ç¥ç€Ÿã¯ïŒïŒïŒïŒå¹Žãããã£ãœããã
建ç¯æ§åŒ[ç·šé]
ç¥ç€Ÿå»ºç¯ - å®æ²»äžç¥ç€Ÿæ¬æ®¿èŠå±ïŒäº¬éœåºå®æ²»åžã1060幎é 建ç¯ïŒ
æžé¢é ã - æ
ç
§å¯ºæ±æ±å ïŒäº¬éœåžå·Šäº¬åºã1486幎建ç¯ïŒ
倧瀟é ã - ç¥éç¥ç€ŸïŒå³¶æ ¹çæŸæ±åžã1583幎建ç¯ïŒ
æ¥æ¥é - åæ寺ã®æ¥æ¥å ã»çœå±±å ïŒå¥è¯çå¥è¯åžã1228幎å建ïŒçŸåæå€ã®æ¥æ¥é 瀟殿
æ³å - çžåœå¯ºæ³å ïŒäº¬éœåžäžäº¬åºã1605幎ïŒ
æ³å ã§ãæå€ã£ãŠãªããªããã ãïŒ
æ¥æ¬ã®ä»æã
ç¥ä»ç¿åïŒããã¶ã€ãã
ãããïŒãšã¯ãæ¥æ¬åçã®ç¥ç¥ä¿¡ä»°ïŒç¥éïŒãšä»æä¿¡ä»°ïŒæ¥æ¬ã®ä»æïŒãèåãäžã€ã®ä¿¡ä»°äœç³»ãšããŠåæ§æïŒç¿åïŒãããå®æçŸè±¡[1]ãç¥ä»æ··æ·ïŒããã¶ã€ããããïŒãšããããåœåã¯ä»æãäž»ãç¥éãåŸã§ãããå¹³å®æ代ã«ã¯ç¥åã§ã®èªçµããç¥ã«è©è©å·ãä»ããè¡çºãªã©ãå€ããªã£ããæ¥æ¬ã§ä»ãè©è©ãä»®ã«ç¥ã®å§¿ãšãªã£ããšããé¿åŒ¥éåŠæ¥ã®å迹ãå
«å¹¡ç¥ã倧æ¥åŠæ¥ã®å迹ãäŒå¢å€§ç¥ã§ãããšããæ¬å°å迹説ãå°é ããéåæ代ã«ã¯ãã®çè«åãšããŠã®äž¡éšç¥éãçºçããããç¥éåŽããã¯ç¥éãäž»ãä»æãåŸãšããåæ¬å°å迹説ãåºããããæ±æžæ代ã«å
¥ããšç¥éã®åªäœã説ãææ³ãéçããææ²»ç¶æ°ã«äŒŽãç¥ä»å€ç¶ä»€ä»¥åã®æ¥æ¬ã¯ã1000幎以äžãç¥ä»ç¿åãã®æ代ãç¶ãã[2]ã
[å¿åãã]
ç¥éãšãããç¥ç€Ÿã§ããå¶åãç¥ã£ãŠãã®ã£ãŠçããã§ããã
ãã€ããããŸãã¬
ç©¢ããšãããåç©ïŒ
å¶åãç¥ãã£ãŠãªããšåæ¬å°å迹ã®æ°ãããã®ããªïŒãšãæãããã
ãã ãããã¯ä»ã§ãã£ãŠãç¥ã®å身ã
ç¥ãå身ãšããŠçŸããäºãç¥ãšããïŒ
ä»ãæ¥æ¬ã®ç¥ã®å身ãšããŠçŸãããšãã説ã«ãèŽãããããã
寺瀟ä»é£ã®æè¯ã¿ãããªã®ã§æé®®ç¥ç€Ÿãããã¯ã¢ãããããŠãæããªã®ããªã
ã©ããã«ç§»ããŠãã¿ããã ãããåéãããããã£ãœããšãããããããã
ææ³ãšæŽå²ã®åé¢ãããã ãããã
å€ãããã³ã«åãããŠã¿ãã£ãŠãããã
å人çã«ã¯ã®ãªã·ã£ç¥è©±ãå
ã ãšæããã©ãã
ã§ãã€ã³ãç¥è©±ãä»æãæ¥æ¬ç¥è©±ãªæ°ãããã
äžçªæ¥æ¬ã§æ®åããã®ã¯ä»æã
ãããã ã®ææ³ãã
[å¿åãã]
ç¥ç€Ÿãç¥äž»ã寺ãä»åŸïŒ
寺ã«ã¯åäž»ã
äž»ã£ãŠèšãæ¹ãããªã¹ãæã£ãœãããããã
äŒæ¥ãé
ããšæããªãïŒ
ã ããããããããæãšãã§ããç¥ä»ç¿åãšããŠããŠããã£ãŠã®ã¯ããããã
ããªã¹ãæã§æ°çŽã®éšåãããªããŠããŠã¹åºããŠãããã§ããïŒ
[å¿åãã]
å®æã¯ç¥è©±ã䜿ããã ããã
ä»æã¯ããæå³ãä»ãã ãã§è©±ããŠããŸããã¿ãããªãšããããããã ããã
ããªã¹ãæãããããããããªã¹ãã®è©±ã ãã§å
šãŠã話ãããšãããšããããã
ç¥è©±ã䜿ã£ãæ¹ã楜ã«è©±ãããã ããã
ããããŸãïŒã€ã®èŠæ©ã ãããã
éè¿Šã«èª¬æ³ã銬ã®è³ã«ã¢ãŒã¡ã³ã£ãŠèšããããã
äžåœãšããŠæšãããŠãã®ã¯ææ³ã®äœç³»ã ããããåæãéæãä»æïŒ
[å¿åãã]
æ®éã§ããã°ãããããã«ãªã£ããããšãã£ãŠå»ºãŠæ¿ãããªããŠãšãã§ããªãã£ãŠãªãããã
äœæ
æ»
ã³ãããã€ãã¬ãŒã€ãŒã ã£ãïŒ
[å¿åãã]
ã©ãã®ã寺ãè©æ寺ã§ããïŒãå®æŽŸãèããåãããªããšããããŸãæ°ã«ããŠãªã
ã¯ãªã¹ãã¹ããçãããããã§ãããïŒãã«ããªãã¯ãããããéªæãä¿¡ãããã®
ããããç¡ç¥æã£ãŠèšããšããããããïŒ
俺ã®æèŠã ãã©ãã
å€ç¥æãç¡ç¥æã£ãŠãããã¡ïŒ
ããšåºå·ããŠãªããšããããå®æŽŸæèŠïŒ
åºå·ããŠãã£ãŠèšããããšã«ããªãã¯ã¯å«ãªæãããã§ããïŒ
ãããŸãè«ãããšåãæäŒå
ã§ãè«äºã«ãªãããïŒããã§ã®ããžã®äºãã®æŽå²ããšãŒãããçãªãšãã
ããããïŒ
è«çæèãšããŠçšæããªïŒã£ãŠæµ·å€ã®èŠæ¹ïŒããã¯å
šéšèšã£ãŠãªãã£ãŠèšãããããããŸã§ã ãã©ãã
ãã ããäŒçµ±ãéããããšããã¯ãšãŒãããã«ãããã§ããïŒ
ç§è·¡ã®çµå©ïŒããã¯ããããŒãæ³çã£ãŠãã©ã³ã¹ã®åŸãçŸã匷ãã£ããã§ããïŒèªç±å©ãšãã«äœãåºãŠããã®ãïŒãšãæãããã
ä»æã«èå³ãããã®ã¯ãæè¿ã®èŠªæ¥å奜ïŒããã§ããã®ããªïŒãè¶ã ã£ãïŒ
ãã®ã倧åã«äœ¿ãã®ããšãŒãããã ã£ãŠãªã€ãžãèšã£ãŠãïŒ
次ã§æ¬å°å迹ïŒä»æã¯ç¡ç¥æãšããŠè§£éãããããšãããã
[å¿åãã]
ããªã¹ãæã®æ矩ã§ã¯ç¥ã¯ã人éã®ãçåã®è¡åããæåŸã®å¯©å€ïŒæ»åŸã®è£ãïŒã§ã®å€æåºæºãšãªãããšããŠããïŒè§£éãããŠããïŒããå
šç¥å
šèœããç¥ããã©ã®äººéãæ£ããè¡åããšããã©ã®äººéãæ£ãããªãè¡åããšãããåãã£ãŠããããªãããããªãã¯ãã§ããããã®ãããªãå
šç¥å
šèœããç¥ãã®ååšã«é¢ããŠã®è§£éïŒãŸãã¯èª¬ã説æïŒã«ã€ããŠãççŸãææããèšèª¬ãç¡ç¥è«ã§ã¯å¥œãŸããïŒå
šèœã®é説ãäºå®èª¬ãåç
§ïŒã
ä»æã¯å®æåŠã®é¡åã§ã¯ç¡ç¥çå®æãšåŒã°ããç¡ç¥è«ãšãããããšãå€ã[1]ããã©ã€ãšã«ãããããžãŒã¯ã ã³ãã»ããã€ãã®ããã«ç¥ã人éã®çºæãšããèãæ¹ã¯ãä»æã«éãããšããã[2]ãã·ã§ãŒãã³ããŠã¢ãŒã¯ä»æããå®ç§ããšèšã£ãããšãããããšã³ã²ã«ã¹ãéšåçã§ã¯ãããä»æã®ç©ºãè©äŸ¡ãã[3]ãããããä»æã«ãããŠã¯ããªã¹ãæçãªæå³ã«ããããå
šç¥å
šèœããç¥ãã®ååšããèããŠããªããã ãã«éããªããšããèŠæ¹ããã[èŠåºå
ž]ãä»æã§ã¯ããã®ãããªåé¡ãç¡æå³ãªè°è«ãšããŠå¿ãåŸåã匷ãããã®ãããªèãæ¹ã¯ãããäžå¯ç¥è«ã«è¿ããšãããããäžå¯ç¥è«ã¯ãååšã®å¯èœæ§ããæ³å®ããäžã§ããã®ãäžå¯ç¥ããè«ããŠããç¹ãªã©ãæ ¹æ¬çãªéããããïŒè©³ããã¯ãè«žæ³ç¡æããããïŒä»ïŒãšç¥çãåç
§ïŒããŸããä»æèªäœãå®æã§ã¯ãªãè¡çåŠã§ãããšïŒå¥œæçã«ïŒè§£éããããŒãã§ã®ããã«ãä»æãå®æãšã¯ã¿ãªããªãè
ãããã
ç¥ã«ã€ããŠãæ¬ããŠé ãããããšããŠããåæã«ã€ããŠããç¡ç¥è«ãšã¿ãªãããå Žåããããäºå®ãååŠè
ã®äžã«ã¯ç¡ç¥è«ãç©æ¥µçã«å±ããè
ãããããå®æãšããŠæ±ãããææ³ã§ã¯ãªãããšããèŠè§£ãå€ãã
ç¬èº«ïŒã©ãããïŒãšã¯ãå©å§»å¥çŽãç¡ãç¶æ
(è
)ã®ããšããªããæªå©ã¯éå»ã«çµå©ã®çµéšãç¡ãç¬èº«ã®ç¶æ
(è
)ã§ãããéå»ã«é
å¶è
ãšé¢å¥ã»æ»å¥ãããå Žåã«ã¯æªå©ã«å«ãŸããªãããç¬èº«ãšæªå©ã¯å矩ã§ã¯ãªãã
圌女ããŠãç¬èº«ã£ãŠããããã
ã§ãããé¢å©ããå Žåã ãšç¬èº«ã§ãã£ãŠãããããããã€ããšãã£ãŠèšãã®ãäžè¬çãïŒ
[å¿åãã]
ç¬èº«ïŒã©ããããã²ãšãã¿ïŒãšã¯ããã£ãäžäººã®ããšã転ããŠãçµå©ã§ãã幎霢ã®è
ãçµå©ããŠããªãç¶æ
ãæãèšèã§ããã
æŠèŠ
ç¬èº«ãšèšãåèªã¯éåæ代ãã䜿ãããŠãããå
ã
ã®æå³ã¯ãå身ããšå矩ãéåæ代ã«æžãããæžç©ã®ãæµ·éèšãã«ã䜿ãããŠããã
çŸä»£æ¥æ¬ã§ã¯ãçµå©ããŠãªã人ã®ããšãçµå©ããŠããªã人ãšäžèšã«èšã£ãŠããæªå©ã®äººã®ã¿ãªããçµå©ããã®ã¡é¢å©ãã人ããé
å¶è
ãšæ»å¥ããã±ãŒã¹ã«ã€ããŠãåœãŠåµãŸãã
ãç¬èº«ïŒæªå©ããšããŠå®çããŠããå Žåãå€ããšæãããããç¬èº«ã®å Žåã¯çµå©ããŠãã人ãæãäºãããã®ã§å³å¯ã«ã¯æå³åããç°ãªãããšã«ã¯çæããããã
ãŸãã幎霢ãéããŠããäžå®ã®å¹Žéœ¢ã«éãããçµå©ããªããã°ãªããªãããªã©ãšãã瀟äŒã®éé³ã«æããããäºãç¡ãçµå©ããªããŸãŸç¬èº«ç掻ãæ ã
èªé©ã«éããè
ãç¬èº«è²ŽæãšåŒã¶äºããããåºæ¬çã«ã»ã¬ãã®ç·æ§çãšããŠçšããããåŸåã«ããããå
ã¯çµå©ããªãç·æ§ãæ¶æããèšèã§ãã£ãããã£ãšããã¡ãã¯çŸåšã§ã¯ã売ãæ®ãããè² ãç¬ããªã©ãšãã£ãèšèã§åã£ãŠä»£ããããã«ãªããç¬èº«è²Žæã¯ç¬èº«ãšããç¶æ
ã称ããèšèãšããŠçšããããããã«ãªã£ãããã ã
ãããŠè¿å¹Žãæ¥æ¬ãåãå·»ã倧ããªç€ŸäŒåé¡ã«å°ååãããã
ç¬èº«è
ã幎ã
å¢å ããŠããããããšããã®ãäž»ã ã£ãåå ã®1ã€ãªã®ã ããå°ååãããããæãŸãããªãç¶æ
ãªã®ããšããéãçŽãæèŠãå°ãªãããååšããã
ããããããããã_
ããããããã ïŒâãâãããããããã
ããããããïŒïŒâïŒ ãïŒâïŒ ïŒŒ
ãããã ïŒã ãïŒ__人__ïŒ ã ã ãã
ã ã ã |ããããïœ âÂŽãã ããã|ãããã
ã ãã ããããã ã ããããïŒãããã
ã ã ã ãïŒãã³ãã³å€§çŸç§ïŒŒ
æ¬å°å迹ã¯æŽå²ç芳ç¹ãå
¥ãããšçµãããªããã¢ã³ãããŒãŒãå¥æ¬¡å
ã§ç£ãã§ããŸã£ãç¥ä»ç¿åã®å¥åã§æåã¯ä»æãå©çšããããšã£ãœãã¯åºãŠãããïŒ
æ°Žåã«ã€ããŠæžããŠã奎ãããããããïŒæšæ¥ã
[å¿åãã]
ããããããããã_
ããããããã ïŒâãâãããããããã
ããããããïŒïŒâïŒ ãïŒâïŒ ïŒŒ
ãããã ïŒã ãïŒ__人__ïŒ ã ã ãã
ã ã ã |ããããïœ âÂŽãã ããã|ãããã
ã ãã ããããã ã ããããïŒãããã
ã ã ã ã ïŒããããããããã
ãããªã®ããã³ãã«ããã®ã£ãŠäœäºã ïŒã£ãŠãšããã«ãªããããã
æ¬å°å迹ã«ã€ããŠå掟ãåºæ¥ãã£ãŠãããšãããªãã ãããã
倩éšãšåŠæ¥ã®äžäžãå€ããã®ããã£ãã§ããããããããã°æ¬å°å迹ã®ãããããçšåºŠæ°ããçè«ãç«ãŠãªããŠãã€ã±ãéšåã¯ããããã
å
çã£ãŠãã©ã³ãã£ã¢ã£ãœãã®ã¯åŠæ ¡ã®æ¹ã£ãŠããå€ãªä»çµã¿ã«ãªãã®ãæ¿æåé¢ïŒ
èããªãããããªãïŒäœããããšããŠããã
æãç«ããªãããªäžæè°ãªäºã ããã
å迹ç¥[ç·šé]
å
«å¹¡å€§è©è© ïŒã¯ã¡ãŸãïŒ- æ¥æ¬ã®ç¥éã®ç¥ã§ããå
«å¹¡ç¥ã®å¥ç§°ã
ç§èæš©çŸïŒããã°ïŒ
æå®æš©çŸïŒãããïŒ
å»çæš©çŸïŒãããïŒ
ç³åæš©çŸïŒããããïŒ
äŒè±å±±æš©çŸïŒããããïŒ
飯çžæš©çŸïŒãã¥ãªïŒ
è¶ç¥å€§æš©çŸïŒãã¡ïŒ - çœå±±ä¿®éš
éæ¯çŸ
æš©çŸïŒãããŽãïŒ
çéæš©çŸïŒããŸã®ïŒ
äžå®èç¥ïŒãããœãããããïŒ
çé 倩çïŒãããŠãã®ãïŒ
èµçæš©çŸïŒãããïŒ
äžé¬Œå€§æš©çŸïŒãããã»ã¿ãïŒ
å±±çæš©çŸïŒããã®ãïŒ- å±±çç¥é
æž
ç§æš©çŸïŒãããã
ãïŒ
ç«å±±æš©çŸ ïŒããŠããŸïŒ- ç«å±±ä¿®éš
æºææš©çŸïŒã¡ã¿ããïŒ
çœå±±æš©çŸ ïŒã¯ãããïŒ- çœå±±ä¿®éš
矜é»æš©çŸ ïŒã¯ããïŒ- 矜é»ä¿®éš
ç®±æ ¹æš©çŸïŒã¯ããïŒ
å
«çåæš©çŸïŒã¯ã¡ãããïŒ å
«é倪éïŒã¯ã¡ãããããïŒïŒâå
«éŸæš©çŸ
é£ç§æš©çŸïŒã²ãã
ãïŒ
äºèæš©çŸïŒãµããïŒ - æ¥å
ä¿®éš
ç䌜倧暩çŸïŒããïŒ
[å¿åãã]
éåæ代äžæã«ã¯ãéã«ä»ãç¥ã®æš©åã§ãç¥ãäž»ã§ä»ãåŸããšèããç¥æ¬ä»è¿¹èª¬ãçŸãããç¥éåŽã®ä»æããç¬ç«ããããšããèãããèµ·ãã£ããã®ã§ãããäŒå¢ç¥å®®å€å®®ã®ç¥å®ã§ãã床äŒæ°ã¯ãç¥è©±ã»ç¥äºã®æŽçãåç·šéã«ããããç¥éäºéšæžããäœæãäŒå¢ç¥éïŒåºŠäŒç¥éïŒã®åºç€ãäœã£ããäŒå¢ç¥éã«ãããŠã¯ãçŸå®ãè¯å®ããæ¬èŠææ³ãæã€å€©å°å®ã®æ矩ãæµçšãããŠç¥éã®çè«åãè©Šã¿ãããããã«ç©ºæµ·ã«åèšããæ°çš®é¡ã®çè«æžãåç·šããã床äŒè¡å¿ ã»å®¶è¡ã«ããäœç³»ã¥ããããã
åæ¬å°å迹説ã¯ãå
å¯ä»¥åŸã®ãæ¥æ¬ã¯ç¥ã«å®ãããŠãããç¥ã®åœãã§ãããšããç¥åœææ³ã®ãããŸãã®äžã§ããŸããŸãçºå±ããŠãã£ã[2]ã
ååææ代ãã宀çºæ代ã«ã¯ãåæ¬å°å迹説ããŸããŸã䞻匵ããã倩å°å®ãããããã«å調ããè
ãçŸãããæ
éã¯ãæ§äºæ¬çŽç矩ãããè±èŠåç¥é¢šåèšããèããŠç¥éã«æ¹å®ããè¯éã¯ãç¥ä»£å·»ç§èŠèããã倩å°éºæ°èšèæžããèãããã®èª¬ãæ¯æãããåç°å
Œå¶ã¯ãããããåããŠãå¯äžç¥éåæ³èŠéããèããŠããã®èª¬ã倧æãããããããéåæã®æ°ä»æã¯ãããŸã§éããæ¬å°å迹説ãæ¯æããã
ããããããããã_
ããããããã ïŒâãâããããããããïŒïŒïŒïŒå¹ŽçãŸãã®åç°å
Œå¶ãç«ãŠãã¿ããã ãã©
ããããããïŒïŒâïŒ ãïŒâïŒ ïŒŒãããããç¥æ¬ä»è¿¹èª¬ã ãããã
ãããã ïŒã ãïŒ__人__ïŒ ã ã ããããããšã倩å°å®ã®æ矩ãæµçšãããŠç¥éã®çè«åã«ã»ã»ã»
ã ã ã |ããããïœ âÂŽãã ããã|ããããç¥ãšäººã®è©±ãç¥è©±ãªãã ããã
ã ãã ããããã ã ããããïŒããããå®æã®ç¥è©±ãã¿ãŠããšããã£ãŠé èšè
ãšããåãã¿ãããªãšããã
ã ã ã ã ïŒãããããããããããããåç°ç¥éã®è©±ã ããã
çè«ãšããŠã¯å®€çºæ代ã®è©±ãªãã ããã
ãšã³ããªã
ãã®ã¶ãªãŠãŽã³ã²ã³ã¯ïŒãšããããšæŽå²ã®æç³»åã«é£²ãŸããããã
[å¿åãã]
åç°ç¥éã¯ã宀çºæ代ã京éœã®ç¥é家ã»åç°å
Œå¶ã«å§ãŸãåç°å®¶ãå±ããç¥éã®äžæµæŽŸã§ãã[1]ããå®éã¯åç°å
Œå¶ãã»ãšãã©äžäººã§éæãããšèŠãããŠãã[1]ãå
æ¬å®æºç¥éãå¯äžå®æºç¥éãªã©ãèªç§°ããŠãã[1]ãæ¬å°å迹説ã§ããäž¡éšç¥éãå±±çç¥éã«å¯Ÿããåæ¬å°å迹説ïŒç¥æ¬ä»è¿¹èª¬ïŒãå±ããæ¬å°ã§å¯äžãªããã®ãç¥ãšããŠæ£®çŸ
äžè±¡ãäœç³»ã¥ããæ±ç¥æçäžç芳ãæ§ç¯ãããšããã[2]ã
ããããããããã_
ããããããã ïŒâãâãããããããã
ããããããïŒïŒâïŒ ãïŒâïŒ ïŒŒ
ãããã ïŒã ãïŒ__人__ïŒ ã ã ãã
ã ã ã |ããããïœ âÂŽãã ããã|ãããã
ã ãã ããããã ã ããããïŒãããã
ã ã ã ã ïŒããããããããã
åã®æ¹ã ã£ãããã©ã£ã¡ã話ãã®ãã¹ããŒãã£ãŠããã¢ã³ãããŒãŒãšãã«ãŠã³ã¿ãŒããŒãïŒ
[å¿åãã]
äž¡éšç¥éïŒãããã¶ãããšãïŒãšã¯ãä»æã®çèšå®ïŒå¯æïŒã®ç«å Žãããªãããç¥é解éã«åºã¥ãç¥ä»ç¿åææ³ã§ãããäž¡éšç¿åç¥éïŒãããã¶ãã
ããããããšãïŒãšãããã
æŠèŠ[ç·šé]
å¯æã§ã¯ãå®å®ã¯å€§æ¥åŠæ¥ã®é¡çŸã§ãããšããããããã¯å€§æ¥åŠæ¥ãäžå¿ã«ããéåçæŒéçŸ
ãšèèµæŒéçŸ
ã®åèŠãšããŠè¡šçŸãããŠããããã®éåçãšèèµçã®äž¡éšã®æŒéçŸ
ã«æãããä»è©è©ãæ¬å°ãšããæ¥æ¬ã®ç¥ã
ããã®å迹ãšããŠè§£éããã
ææ³[ç·šé]
äž¡éšç¥éã§ã¯ãäŒå¢å
å®®ã®ç¥ç¥ã倩ç
§å€§ç¥ã¯èèµçã®å€§æ¥åŠæ¥ã§ãããå
æ倧梵倩çã§ãããæ¥å€©åã§ãããšããäžæ¹ãäŒå¢å€å®®ã®è±å倧ç¥ã¯ãéåçã®å€§æ¥åŠæ¥ã§ãããå°žæ£å€§æ¢µå€©çã§ãããæ倩åã§ãããšããããããŠäŒå¢ç¥å®®ã®å
å®®ãšå€å®®ã¯èèµçãšéåçã®äž¡éšã§ããã®äž¡éšãäžäœãšãªã£ãŠå€§æ¥åŠæ¥ã®é¡çŸããäŒå¢ç¥å®®ã圢æããŠãããšããïŒäºå®®äžå
説ïŒãäž¡éšç¥éãšã¯ãããã«ãã£ãŠç¥ãšä»ã®ç©¶æ¥µçäžèŽã説æããããšãããšããã«æ³šç®ããåœåã§ãã[1]ã
ãŸããæ¥æ¬æžçŽã®äžç¥ã«ãä»æã®åŠæ¥ã®äžèº«ãããŠã¯ããåœåžžç«å°ãæ³èº«ãåœçæ§å°ãå ±èº«ãè±ææžå°ãå¿èº«ã§ãããšãããã®äžç¥ãåäžããŠãå¯æã®æ¬å°ã§ãã倧æ¥åŠæ¥ãšãªããšãããã
ãŸãå€äºèšã®å€©ç¥äžä»£ã¯éå»äžä»ã«çããããŸãåæäžæã®åæãè¡šããŠãããšãããããŸãã€ã¶ãã®ã»ã€ã¶ãããè«èšªç¥ç€Ÿã®äžç€Ÿã»äžç€Ÿããªã©ãäž¡éšæŒéçŸ
ã«ãªããããããã
[å¿åãã]
æŽå²[ç·šé]
äž¡éšç¥éã®èèœã¯ä»æäŒæ¥ã«ãŸã§ãã©ãããšãã§ããã
ä»æäŒæ¥ã«ããæ¥æ¬å€æ¥ã®ä¿¡ä»°ã§ãã£ãç¥éãå€å€§ãªåœ±é¿ãåãããæ¥æ¬ã®ç¥ã
ãä»æ³ã«ãã解è±ãæãã§ãããšããŠç¥åèªçµãè¡ãããããã«ãªããç¥ç€Ÿã®å¢å
ã«ç¥å®®å¯ºã建ãŠãããä»åã®åœ±é¿ãåããŠç¥åã補äœãããããã«ãªã£ãã
ãããŠ8äžçŽæ«é ãããæ¥æ¬ã®ç¥ã
ã¯ä»ãšåäœãšèããããæ¬å°ã§ããä»ãæ¥æ¬ã®äººã
ãææžããããã«ä»®ã«ç¥ã«å§¿ãå€ããŠçŸãããšããæ¬å°å迹説ãçºçããã®ã¡ã®ç¥ä»ç¿åææ³ã®åºç€ãšãªã£ãã
å¹³å®æ代åŸæã«ã¯ãç¥éãçè«çã«èª¬æããæ説ãšããŠå§äŸ¶ã«ããä»å®¶ã®ç¥éçè«ãæç«ãããåœæã®ä»æçã®äž»æµã§ãã£ãå¯æäºå®ã®ãã¡ã倩å°å®ã®æããåãå
¥ããã®ãå±±çç¥éãçèšå®ã®æããåãå
¥ããã®ãäž¡éšç¥éã§ããã
䞡掟ãšã倧ç¥è©ã®è§£èª¬ããèšçŽç¥è©±ãªã©ã«ç»å Žããç¥ãç¥ç€Ÿã®ç¥ç¥ã®èª¬æããåœæã®ä»æçã®äž»æµã ã£ãå¯æã®æ矩ãçšããŠãªãããŠããã
ãããããææŸã»ç©ºæµ·ãªã©ã«éžè
ãä»®èšããç¥éæžã«ãã£ãŠãããåç¥ç€Ÿã®ç§äŒãšããŠäŒæããããŸãäžéšã¯ãä¿®éšéãªã©ãä»ããŠæ°éã«ãç¥ãããŠãã£ãããããã¯éåæ代ã«çè«åãããåŸäžå€ãã®ç¥é説ãçã¿åºããŠãã£ãã
ãããã®ç¥éæžã®ãã¡ãåŸäžã«æã倧ããªåœ±é¿ãäžããã®ããéé倩çãç¥æ³èã«åºçŸããéŸå¥³ããåããç§äŒãšç§°ãããéºæ°èšãã§ããããã®æžã¯ãäŒå¢ç¥å®®ã«é¢ããçèšå¯æã«åºã¥ããæ·±ç§èª¬ãéæããŠãããååææ以éããæ¥æ¬æžçŽããšäžŠã¶äžäžç¥éã®æãéèŠãªèå
žãšèŠãªãããããã«ãªã£ã[1]ã
圱é¿[ç·šé]
äž¡éšç¥éã¯ã®ã¡ã®ç¥é説ã®å±éã«å€§ããªåœ±é¿ãããããäžäžã«ã¯ç¿åç¥é説ã®äž»æµãšãªã£ãŠã埡æµç¥éãäžèŒªç¥éãªã©ã®å€ãã®åæµãçããã
ããããéåæ代æ«æããååææ代ã«ãªããšãå§äŸ¶ã«ããç¥é説ã«å¯Ÿããååãããéã«ãç¥ãããæ¬å°ã§ããä»ã¯ä»®ã®å§¿ã§ãããšããç¥æ¬ä»è¿¹èª¬ããšãªããäŒå¢ç¥éãåç°ç¥éãçŸããæ±æžæ代ã«ã¯ç¥éã®äž»æµæŽŸã®æ矩ãšãªã£ãŠããã
å¹æ«ããææ²»ç¶æ°ã«ãããææ²»å
幎ïŒ1868幎ïŒã«åºãããå»ä»æ¯éããã³ç¥ä»åé¢ã«ããäž¡éšç¥éã¯å£æ»
çãªææãåããç¥éæ矩ã®äž»æµæŽŸã®å°äœã倱ã£ãã
[å¿åãã]
ããããããããã_
ããããããã ïŒâãâãããããããã
ããããããïŒïŒâïŒ ãïŒâïŒ ïŒŒ
ãããã ïŒã ãïŒ__人__ïŒ ã ã ãã
ã ã ã |ããããïœ âÂŽãã ããã|ãããã
ã ãã ããããã ã ããããïŒãããã
ã ã ã ã ïŒããããããããã
å¹³å®æ代ã«æç«ããŠãçè«ã
ããã
ãå身
ç¥ä»ã姿ãå€ããŠãã®äžã«çŸããããšãç¥ä»ã®çãŸããããããŸããæœè±¡çãªãã®ã圢ããšã£ãŠçŸãããã®ã
çŸäººç¥ã®çè«ãšãèšããã®ããªïŒ
ä»ãå
ã«ãããŠããã®å身ãšã¯ããã¯èŒªå»»è»¢çãªããïŒ
äžçæ倧ã®å®ææŠäºã島åã®ä¹±ãšããã説ã
ååè»ã£ãœãæ°ããããã©ã第äºæ¬¡äžç倧æŠã§ãŸã ãŽãã£ãŽãã£èšã£ãŠãããã ãããã
ããããžããçå®ã¯ããïŒãšã䞻匵ããã£ãŠããããããã
ãããªããšåœçã¿ãçè«äžã®ãªã·ã£ç¥è©±ãšåãæç³»åãããã®äºãè¿°ã¹ãŠãã¿ããã«ãªãã§ããïŒ
å
ãã¯èŒªå»»ã¯æ¥æ¬ã«ãããšäž»åŒµããç¯ãããããïŒ
[å¿åãã]
ããããããããã_
ããããããã ïŒâãâãããããããã
ããããããïŒïŒâïŒ ãïŒâïŒ ïŒŒ
ãããã ïŒã ãïŒ__人__ïŒ ã ã ãã
ã ã ã |ããããïœ âÂŽãã ããã|ãããã
ã ãã ããããã ã ããããïŒãããã
ã ã ã ã ïŒããããããããã
å¿ã®æ°ä»ãã®é
äœã®åãã®é
ããããã¯æ¥æ¬ãæåãšããã®ãæ¥æ¬ç¥è©±ã®äžç芳ãªãã ããã
ç¥è©±ã®æç«ã¯ã®ãªã·ã£ã®æ¹ãæ©ãããæ¥æ¬ç¥è©±ã®æ¹ãçè«ãšããŠã¯å€ã話ã ãæ°ããçè«ããã
æ¥æ¬ç¥è©±ã£ãŠãšãŠãåããé£ãäºã£ãŠãšãããªïŒ
èŠã¯æ°ããç¥è©±ãä»ã®æ代ã«äœãäžããã¿ãããªïŒ
ã¢ã€ã³ã·ã¥ã¿ã€ã³ã®çžå¯Ÿæ§çè«ã¯ç¡ç¥è«ãšãèšãããŠããã ã£ãïŒ
ç¡ã
ã«ãªã¹ãšãã¬ã€ã¢ãã¯ããã¹ãšãããããã®ããŒãŠã¹ãããå€ã話ã ãã©æ°ããçè«ãªã®ãããã£ãŠæãããã
ãã©ãã³ãšãã ãšééè«ã¿ãããªãã粟ç¥å»åŠçãšãããããããªçè«ã®æ¹ããã£ãŠããããå²åŠçãšããããããããéçã ã£ããã ãããã
æå€ãšå²åŠã£ãŠæµè¡ããªãã£ãŠãããæµè¡ã£ãŠãªãããã
[å¿åãã]
ç§ã®ç¶ã貎女ãäœãããããããç§ã®ç¶ã§ã¯ãªãããªãã®ç¶ã«ããªãã¯éãç«ãããã®ã ïŒ
ãããã貎女ã®æ¹ãç§ã®ç¶ãããæ©ãã«éãç«ãããã®ã ïŒ
ããªã¹ãæã®ã«ãŠã³ã¿ãŒããŒãã¿ãããªã®ã¯ãããªã¢ãããªãïŒ
ã³ã¬ãäžäººã«èšããããšã§ãããšãããŠããã ããïŒ
[å¿åãã]
ç§ãåµé ããã¢ãã¿ã ãã©ãç§ã®æãéãã«ã¯ãªããªãã£ãã
ç¹ã«æåã¯ããã ãã ãæ
£ããŠãã£ãŠãããªã£ãŠããŸã£ããã ã
äœæ
çæã¯ç¡ããšããã®ãïŒãšãããšããã ãããã©ã倩å°éé¢ã®äžçç¥è©±ãçžå¯Ÿæ§çè«ã
ãããšãèšããããã
æåã®æã倧æ¥åŠæ¥ã£ãŠãããšãäžçªé«ããšããã¯çåã®æŒã ãã©äžçªå€§ããªã®ã¯å€çŒãã«ãªããã¡ãïŒ
äžçªèŠã«ããã®ã¯ææ¥ãšãããçœãæãèµ€ãå€ãéãæŒãé»ãå€ããªãã ããïŒ
ããããããããã_
ããããããã ïŒâãâãããããããã
ããããããïŒïŒâïŒ ãïŒâïŒ ïŒŒ
ãããã ïŒã ãïŒ__人__ïŒ ã ã ãã
ã ã ã |ããããïœ âÂŽãã ããã|ãããã
ã ãã ããããã ã ããããïŒãããã
ã ã ã ã ïŒããããããããããããŒã
[å¿åãã]
ãã©ãããŒã®æµåºã£ãŠæŒèŒçŸ
ãšããããªãïŒ
çµµãããã ãã©ãç«äœã®ä»ã®é
眮ãªãããæŒèŒçŸ
ã£ãŠãããŠãã§ããïŒ
èšèšå³ã¿ãããªãã®ããªã
å
ãã¯ã«ã¿ãããã
ããããããããã_
ããããããã ïŒâãâãããããããã
ããããããïŒïŒâïŒ ãïŒâïŒ ïŒŒ
ãããã ïŒã ãïŒ__人__ïŒ ã ã ãã
ã ã ã |ããããïœ âÂŽãã ããã|ãããã
ã ãã ããããã ã ããããïŒãããã
ã ã ã ã ïŒãããããããããã
ïŒ
ã¯ã¿ã·ã®ç¶ã«ã¢ãã¿ã®ç¶ãå£ãã®ã¯é£ã§ããã£ãŠããã倧ããåºããããã ã£ãïŒ
芪ã®å¿åç¥ãããšã¯é·ã茪廻ã§ã¯ããªããäžçªã®èŠªã«ãªã£ãŠãããã®ããã«ãªãæãããã
[å¿åãã]
ããããã®ãŠããŒãäžçªå€ãç¥è©±ãªã®ãïŒã£ãŠãªããããã
äœããã幎ãããªããŠã¿ãããªåé¡ãã¯ããã§ãã®ããææ°ã®ç§åŠãšãèå€åŠã ãããã
ïŒïŒïŒäžå¹Žåã®ããããã ãšç¥ãããªãäºãçºèŠãããã®ããã«èšãããŠããã
ããããããããã_
ããããããã ïŒâãâãããããããã
ããããããïŒïŒâïŒ ãïŒâïŒ ïŒŒ
ãããã ïŒã ãïŒ__人__ïŒ ã ã ãã
ã ã ã |ããããïœ âÂŽãã ããã|ãããã
ã ãã ããããã ã ããããïŒãããã
ã ã ã ã ïŒãããããããããã
[å¿åãã]
ã³ã³ã¯ã©ãŒãïŒæçéžæïŒ
æçã®æ»å»ã«äŒŽã£ãŠã次ã®æçãéžæããäŒè°ã®ããšããã³ã³ã¯ã©ãŒãïŒCONCLAVEïŒãšãããŸããã³ã³ã¯ã©ãŒãã¯ãèªæºçã«ã¯CUMïŒãšãšãã«ïŒïŒCLAVISïŒéµïŒãã€ãŸããéµãšãšãã«ããæå³ããŠããŸãã
ãªããã³ã³ã¯ã©ãŒããšããããã«ãªã£ãã®ã§ããããïŒããæçéžæã®æŽå²ããèŠãŠã¿ããšããããããŸãã
ãã®ä»ããã³ã³ã¯ã©ãŒããã«é¢é£ããèšèãéããŸãããäžèšã®é
ç®ããã芧ãã ããã
ããããããããã_
ããããããã ïŒâãâãããããããã
ããããããïŒïŒâïŒ ãïŒâïŒ ïŒŒ
ãããã ïŒã ãïŒ__人__ïŒ ã ã ãã
ã ã ã |ããããïœ âÂŽãã ããã|ãããã
ã ãã ããããã ã ããããïŒãããã
ã ã ã ã ïŒãããããããããã
[å¿åãã]
äžç¬ã§ã匵ããã©
åŒå€©ãšãããå³å³¶ã®æ©ã«èèã®å·£ã¯ã£ãŠãã
æž¡ãã®ãããŠãããã
ããããããããã_
ããããããã ïŒâãâãããããããã
ããããããïŒïŒâïŒ ãïŒâïŒ ïŒŒ
ãããã ïŒã ãïŒ__人__ïŒ ã ã ãã
ã ã ã |ããããïœ âÂŽãã ããã|ãããã
ã ãã ããããã ã ããããïŒãããã
ã ã ã ã ïŒãããããããããã
[å¿åãã]
æ¥æ¬ãžã®äŒæ[ç·šé]
æ¥æ¬ãžã®äŒæ¬ã¯3ã€ã®çµè·¯ããããããã£ãšãå€ãçµè·¯ã¯å西çµè·¯ãšåŒã°ãããšãŒããã人ããäŒããããçµè·¯ã§ãããããã€ãã®èª¬ããããããã»ã«ã³ãã«ã¯1573幎ãã1591幎é ïŒå€©æ£å¹ŽéïŒã«ãã«ãã¬ã«äººã«ãã£ãŠç±åž¯åã®ç¡¬ç²çš®ïŒããªã³ãçš®ïŒãé·åŽã«ãããããããšããŠãããé»ã«äŒŒãŠãããšããããšã§ãåœæã¯ããšãããããããšããåã®ä»ã«ããªãã°ããã³ããšãåŒã°ãã挢åã§ã¯åè®é»ããããã¯çèé»ïŒçã¯çŸãããèã¯å€åœã®æïŒãšæžããã[20][21]ã
ãã®åŸãé¿èå±±éºãååœã®å±±äžãå¯å£«å±±éºãªã©æ°åãæ°Žå©ã®é¢ã§çš²äœã«åããªãå°åã«åºããã18äžçŽæ«ã«ã¯èŠå€·å°ã®ã¢ãã©ã³ïŒçŸåšã®å®€èåžïŒã«è³ã£ãŠãã[22]ããã ããåœæã¯ç¡¬ã硬ç²çš®ããç¡ãã£ãã®ã§ããããŸã§éç©æ±ãã§ãããç²¥ãé€
ã«æ··ããŠããå¢ãã«äœ¿ãããããšãå€ãã£ã[20]ãæ±æžæ代ã®æçæžãæ¬æé£éãã«ã¯ãç«ã«ãã¶ã£ãŠé£ã¹ããã也ç¥ããŠç²ã«æœããé€
ã«ããã®ãããããšæžãããå å·¥åãšããŠé£ãããŠãã[21]ã
1868幎é ã«ãè¿ä»£ã®è²çš®æ³ã«ãã£ãŠäœãããã¢ã¡ãªã«ã®æ©çã®ãã³ãçš®ãããªã³ãçš®ãåæµ·éã«å°å
¥ãããéæ䜿ã«ãã£ãŠå€§èŠæš¡ãªçäœãå§ãŸã£ããããŠã¢ãã³ã·ã¯çé£ã飌æãšããŠå®çãããããŠæ±åãé¢æ±ã«åºãã£ãããã®äŒæçµè·¯ãåæµ·éçµè·¯ãšåŒã³ãå西çµè·¯ãšãšãã«æ¥æ¬ãžã®äž»ãªäŒæçµè·¯ãšãªã£ã[22]ã
第äºæ¬¡å€§æŠåŸã«ãè²èäŒç€Ÿã蟲æ¥è©Šéšå Žãäžçäžã®èãåãå¯ããŠäœãåºãã亀éåçš®ãåºãå°å
¥ãããäºäŸãå¢ãããããã£ãå°å
¥çµè·¯ã¯èªåšçµè·¯ãšåŒã°ããŠãã[22]ã1950幎ã«éçºãããããŽãŒã«ãã³ã»ã¯ãã¹ã»ãã³ã¿ã ããæåã®äŸãšãªã£ãã
[å¿åãã]
å称[ç·šé]
æ¥æ¬èªã§æšæºçã«çšããããŠããåŒç§°ã®ãããŠã¢ãã³ã·ããšããå称ã¯ãããŠã¯äžåœã®åœå®¶åã«ãã¢ãã³ã·ã¯ãååïŒããããïŒããäŒæ¥ããæ€ç©ã®ãã¢ãã³ã·ãã«ç±æ¥ãããé¢è¥¿ãªã©ã®æ¹èšã§ããããªãã°ãã¯åè®é»ïŒãªãã°ããã³ïŒã®ç¥ç§°ã§ãããé«éºïŒããããïŒãŸãã¯é«éºé»ãšåŒã¶å°åããããããããã¯ããããå€æ¥æ€ç©ã§ããããšãèšãè¡šããŠãããããã¯ãšãŒãããã«ãããŠãåãç¶æ³ã§ããããã©ã³ã¹ã§ã¯ããã«ã³ã³ã ã®ãããã¹ã«ãŒãã§ã¯ãã·ã·ãªãŒã³ãŒã³ããã·ããªã¢ïŒã·ã·ãªãŒïŒã§ã¯ãã€ã³ãã£ã¢ã³ã³ãŒã³ããšåŒã°ãããªã©ããããŸãã«ãå€åœã®ç©ç©ããšããæå³ã§å
±éããåçš®å称ã§åŒã°ããŠãã[12]
[å¿åãã]
æŠèŠ[ç·šé]
çŸåšãã¢ãžã¢å€§éžã®æ±éšã«åºããäžåž¯ããäžåœããšåŒã°ããŠããå°åã§ãããäžåœå€§éžãšããã«ä»éãã島嶌ã«ãããããã®å°ã¯äžåœå€§éžæå€ã®äººå£ãæãã挢æ°æãå§ããšããŠãäžæã¯äžåœå
šåãæ¯é
ããŠããã¢ã³ãŽã«çã®æ§ã
ãªæ°æã«ããè€æ°ã®çæãåºçŸãšæ»
亡ãæŠä¹±ãšçµ±äžãç¹°ãè¿ããŠããããã®ãããå°åã®ææãæ°æãåºãæããçŽå
åããã®ææã»åœå®¶çŸ€ã®æŽå²ã®ç·äœããå«ããŠçšããããŠããïŒäžåœææã»äžåœå²ïŒã
æž
代ãŸã§ã®äžåœã«ã¯ãçæãã®æŠå¿µã¯ããã©ãåœå®¶ãã®æŠå¿µã¯ç¡ããã倩äžãã£ãŠåœå®¶ç¡ãããšèšããç¶æ
ã ã£ããããçæã®ååã察å€ã»å¯Ÿå
çãªåŒç§°ãšããŠçšããããŠããããããã19äžçŽåã°ããäžåœããäžçã®äžäœåãã®æµãã«é£²ã¿èŸŒãŸãããšããäžåœããšããçšèªã䞻暩åœå®¶ã®èªç§°ãšããŠçšããããããã«ãªããäžè¯æ°åœåµç«åŸã¯åºæåè©ãšããŠã®æ§æ Œãæ¿ãããŠãã£ãã1949幎以éã¯ãäžåœå€§éžãæ¯é
ããäžè¯äººæ°å
±ååœã«å¯Ÿããç¥ç§°ãšããŠãçšããããŠãããæ¥æ¬ã§ã¯ãäŒçµ±çã«é»æ²³æµåã®åœå®¶ã«å¯Ÿããåã挢ãååãã®æåãçšããŠããšããããããããããçãšãã³ãçå¥äžèµã®èš³æ¥ã茞å
¥ãããŠããã¯äž»ã«ä»æçã§ãæ¯é£ããå©çšãããäžéšã§ã¯ãäžåœããå©çšãããŠããã[4]ãææ²»ã«å
¥ãæ¯é£ãäžè¬åããããäžåœãã¯äžè¯æ°åœã®èŠè«ã«ãã£ãŠ1946幎ããæ¯é£ã«ä»£ããçšèªãšããŠäžè¬çã«äœ¿ãããããã«ãªã£ãïŒè©²åœèšäºåç
§ïŒã
ããããããããã_
ããããããã ïŒâãâãããããããã
ããããããïŒïŒâïŒ ãïŒâïŒ ïŒŒ
ãããã ïŒã ãïŒ__人__ïŒ ã ã ãã
ã ã ã |ããããïœ âÂŽãã ããã|ãããã
ã ãã ããããã ã ããããïŒãããã
ã ã ã ã ïŒãããããããããã
ä»æã ãšäžåœãåã£ãŠèšããã«ã·ãã£ãŠæããèšã£ãŠãã®ãïŒ
ããã§å
šéšãäžåèš³ãçŽãã®ãé¢çœãã®ãããªã
å€èªã§åã¯å€åœãšããåºãæå³ããããããããããã
倧éªã£ãŠçºäººæåã£ãœããã©ãçºäººã ããä»æã«çããšããããªããšãã¯ããããªã
å©äŒã¯ããããããã©ãã
倧éªå€ã®é£ä»¥éãªã®ããªïŒå人ã®çºã¿ãããªã®ã
[å¿åãã]
çå¥ïŒãããããã602幎 - 664幎3æ7æ¥ïŒã¯ãå代ã®äžåœã®èš³çµå§ãçå¥ã¯æåã§ãããä¿åã¯é³褘ïŒãã³ã€ïŒãè«¡ã¯å€§éèŠ[1]ã§ãå°ç§°ã¯æ³åž«ãäžèµãªã©ã鳩æ©çŸ
ä»ãšå
±ã«äºå€§èš³èããããã¯çè«Šãšäžç©ºéåãå«ããŠå倧蚳çµå®¶ãšãåŒã°ããã
629幎ã«éžè·¯ã§ã€ã³ãã«åããã巡瀌ãä»æç 究ãè¡ã£ãŠ645幎ã«çµå
ž657éšãä»åãªã©ãæã£ãŠåž°éã以åŸã翻蚳äœæ¥ã§åŸæ¥ã®èª€ããæ£ããæ³çžå®ã®éç¥ãšãªã£ãããŸããã€ã³ããžã®æ
ãå°èªã倧å西åèšããšããŠèãããããåŸã«äŒå¥å°èª¬ã西éèšãã®åºãšããªã£ãã
æ¥æ¬ã®æ³çžå®[ç·šé]
æ¥æ¬ä»æã§ã®æ³çžå®ã¯ãåéœå
å®ã®äžã€ãšããŠãé£å䜿ã§ã®å
¥åæ±æ³å§äŸ¶ã«ããæ°æ¬¡ã«ããã£ãŠäŒããããã
653幎ïŒçœé4å¹ŽïŒ éæãå
¥åçåŠããŠçå¥ã«åž«äºããåž°åœåŸé£é³¥æ³è寺ã§ãããåºããã
658幎ïŒææ倩ç4å¹ŽïŒ å
¥åããæºéã»æºéçãæ³çžå®ãåºããããããã¯å系統ã«å±ããå¹³åå³äº¬ã«å
è寺ãåµå»ºããããšæ³çžå®ã移ããå
è寺äŒãåäŒãšããããã
703幎ïŒå€§å®3å¹ŽïŒ æºé³³ãæºéããå
¥åããã
717幎ïŒé€èå
å¹ŽïŒ å
¥åãã矩淵ã®åŒåçæãããšãã«æ¿®éœã®æºåšã«åž«äºããŠæ³çžãä¿®ããåž°åœåŸãããåºããããªãã§ãçæã¯èçŠå¯ºã«ãã£ãŠåœå®ãèéããèçŠå¯ºæ³çžå®ã®åºãããããèçŠå¯ºäŒãŸãã¯åäŒãšããããã
8-9äžçŽã«ã¯æ³çžå®ã¯éçã極ããå€ãã®åŠå§ã茩åºãããããšã«èçŠå¯ºã§ã¯è³¢æ¬ãä¿®åã埳äžãªã©ãååºããä¿®åã¯å寺å
ã«äŒæ³é¢ãåµå»ºããã®äžæµã¯äŒæ³é¢éåŸãšåŒã°ããã埳äžã¯å€©å°å®ã®ææŸãšã®éã§äžäžæš©å®è«è«ã§äºã£ãã
å
è寺ã«ã¯è·åœãæ怿ãªã©ã®ç¢©åŠãåºãããã®ã¡å
è寺æ³çžå®ã¯èçŠå¯ºã«åžåãããèçŠå¯ºã¯æ³çžå®ã®ã¿ãä¿®åŠããäžå®å°æ»ã®å¯ºãšãªã£ããå¹³å®æ«æ以éã«ãèµä¿ãè²æ
¶ãèŠæ²ãä¿¡åãã茩åºããã
1882幎ã«èçŠå¯ºãè¬åž«å¯ºãæ³é寺ã®3寺ã倧æ¬å±±ãšãªã£ããã第2次倧æŠåŸãæ³é寺ã¯è埳å®ãåä¹ã£ãŠé¢è±ïŒ1950幎ïŒãããŸã京éœã®æž
氎寺ãæ³é寺ãšåæ§ã«åæ³çžå®ãšããŠç¬ç«ïŒ1965幎ïŒããèçŠå¯ºãè¬åž«å¯ºã®2æ¬å±±ãçµ±æ¬ããã«ããã£ãã
[å¿åãã]
æ¥æ¬å²ïŒ¡ã®ææ³ã ã£ãïŒåéšããããäŒå¢ç¥å®®ïŒãã€ãã€ïŒ£
ããžã£ã¬ã«ããŠã¬ç¹ãšãäžãäžãšãããã ããã ãããªã
ãã£ãŠã¿ãããªããã£ã±ãã
ããããããããã_
ããããããã ïŒâãâãããããããã
ããããããïŒïŒâïŒ ãïŒâïŒ ïŒŒ
ãããã ïŒã ãïŒ__人__ïŒ ã ã ãã
ã ã ã |ããããïœ âÂŽãã ããã|ãããã
ã ãã ããããã ã ããããïŒãããã
ã ã ã ã ïŒãããããããããã
â äžèé
äœæææïŒå¥è¯æ代ãæ«æ
ç¹åŸŽïŒçŸåããæ¥æ¬æå€ã®æéïŒçŽ4500éŠïŒ
ããã倩çãã貧ãã蟲æ°ã®æãŸã§å«ãŸãã
ãããå±±äžæ¶è¯ïŒããŸã®ããã®ãããïŒã®ã貧窮åçæïŒã²ããã
ãããã©ããïŒããªã©
â å€ä»åæé
äœæææïŒå¹³å®æ代
ç¹åŸŽïŒæ¥æ¬æåã®å
æ°åæéïŒã¡ãããããããã
ãïŒå€©çãäžçã®åœä»€ã«ãã£ãŠç·šéãããåæéïŒ
ãããïŒçŽ1100éŠïŒ
ãããéé倩çïŒã ãããŠãã®ãïŒã®åœä»€ã§ïŒçŽè²«ä¹ïŒãã®ã€ãããïŒããç·šé
â æ°å€ä»åæé
äœæææïŒéåæ代
ç¹åŸŽïŒå
æ°åæéïŒçŽ2000éŠïŒ
ãããåŸé³¥çŸœäžçïŒããšã°ãããããïŒã®åœä»€ã§ïŒè€åå®å®¶ïŒãµãããã®ãã ããïŒããç·šé
å¥è¯æ代 710幎 – 794幎
ã»å€äºèšã¯712幎å®æ
ããããå€äºèšã«ã¯ãããã¯æžãããªãã€ïŒ712)ãããã§ãã
ãã倩æŠå€©çã®ææã«çºããçšç°é¿ç€Œãæå±ããŠãããã®ãã挢åã ãã䜿ã£ãŠå€ªå®äžäŸ¶ãçé²ããŸããã
ããç¥è©±ãšç¥æŠå€©çããæšå€å€©çãŸã§ã®å€©ç家ã®ç³»èãæŽçããæå€ã®æžç©ã§ãã
ã»æ¥æ¬æžçŽã¯ïŒïŒïŒå¹Žæç«
ããäœãïŒïŒïŒïŒå¹ŽïŒæžãããïŒãæ¥æ¬æžçŽã
ããæåã®æ£å²ã§è人芪çãç·šçºã挢æäœã§ç¥è©±ãšç¥æŠå€©çããæ統倩çãŸã§ã線幎äœã§æžãããŸããã
[å¿åãã]
ç°èª¬[ç·šé]
éåžžãè人ããšããã°ç·æ§ã ããæ±æžæ代ã«ãçšç°é¿ç€Œã¯å¥³æ§ã§ããããšãã説ãæèµ·ããããæ°ä¿åŠè
ã®æ³ç°åç·ãç¥è©±åŠè
ã®è¥¿é·ä¿¡ç¶±ããå説ãå±ããããã®æ ¹æ ãšããŠãçšç°æ°ã¯ã¢ã¡ããŠãºã¡ãå§ç¥ãšããç¿å¥³åãšåæã§ãããç¿å¥³åã¯å·«å¥³ã女åºãšããŠæå»·ã«ä»ããäžæã§ããã¢ã¬ãã¯å·«å¥³ã®åŒç§°ã§ããããšããããšããããäŸãšããŠåé倩çã®åŠã®äžäººã«æå¯å€éº»ç»ä¹
éé¿ç€Œæ¯å£²åœãããã
è¿å¹Žãæ¢
åçããå€äºèšãã®å€§èã§ç¡é æ
®ãªæžãæ¹ã幎霢ãªã©ãããçšç°é¿ç€Œã¯è€åäžæ¯çã®å¥åã§ã¯ãªãããšã®èª¬ãå±ããŠããããŸããé¿ç€Œãäžè£ç£äœã®å«ãšããç³»å³ããã[2]ãããã«ãããšäžè£åæµ·ã®å
åŒã®äžè£å¿ç«ã®åãšãããã
è人ïŒãšãã/ããããïŒãšã¯ãçæã貎æã«ä»ããèŠåãéçšãªã©ã«åŸäºããŠããè
ããã®åœ¹è·ã
åãæžããªããçžåœãªç¥èéãšèšãããŠããã¿ããã ãªã
äžèä»®åã§ããæžããªããšãããªïŒ
ããããããããã_
ããããããã ïŒâãâãããããããã
ããããããïŒïŒâïŒ ãïŒâïŒ ïŒŒ
ãããã ïŒã ãïŒ__人__ïŒ ã ã ãã
ã ã ã |ããããïœ âÂŽãã ããã|ãããã
ã ãã ããããã ã ããããïŒãããã
ã ã ã ã ïŒãããããããããã
[å¿åãã]
å®åšæ§[ç·šé]
çšç°é¿ç€Œèªèº«ãã®åºèªãäºçžŸã«é¢ããŠã¯è¬ãå€ããå®éã«ã¯æ¶ç©ºã®äººç©ããããã¯å®åšãããšããŠããå€äºèšãç·šçºã«äœã®é¢ããããªããšãã説ãããã
å®åšæ§ã«é¢ããŠãçšç°é¿çŠ®ã¯æ°ããçšç°ãã§åããé¿çŠ®ã[泚é 1]ã§ããã®ãªãã°ã7äžçŽåŸåãçããæ代ã®ãè人ããšããŠããã®å§ãäœã§ãã£ãã®ããæåã®åé¡ãšãªãã以äžã®ç¹ãææãããã
670幎ã«æœè¡ãããåºå幎ç±ãããã®20幎åŸã®åºå¯
幎ç±ã«èšèŒãããç¿å
ã®äººã
ã¯ã極å
ããªå²åã®å¥Žå©¢ãé€ããå
šãŠã®è
ããå§ä»ãã®æ°ããæã£ãŠããããšããããçšç°é¿çŠ®ã¯å§ãäžèšèŒã§ããããã®éå®åšæ§ã®åé¡ãžãšã€ãªãããå§ã®äžèšèŒã¯é¿çŠ®ãéå®åšããé¿çŠ®ã®å§ãåºæã®äœè
ãç¥ããªãã£ããšããããšã«ãªãã
ãçšç°é¿çŠ®ããšã倪æè£å®äžäŸ¶ããšãçŸå®ã«ãå€äºèšãã®ç·šçºã§æ¥è§ŠããŠããã®ã§ããã°ãå®äžäŸ¶ãé¿çŠ®ã®å§ãç¥ããªãããšã¯ãŸãããããªãããšããŸãèªãã¯åºæã®ãããã«ãæ£äºäœäžå³äºçã倪æè£å®è¬äŸ¶ããšæžããŠããããšãããäžèªç¶ã§ãã[泚é 2]ã
äŸãæèšèœåã«åªãã人ç©ã§ãã£ããšããŠããå§ã®ãªã庶æ°ä»¥äžã®è
ãçæãäžçŽå®äººã®åè¿ãã«ä»ãããã®åœãåããŠéèŠãªåœ¹å²ãæãããããšã¯èããããªãããšãåœç¶å€©æŠå€©çãè人ãšããè·ã«é¿çŠ®ãç»çšããããšã¯ãªãããŸããŠãããã®å人ã®èœåãå
·äœçã«ææ¡ã»è©äŸ¡ãã倩çèªããçŽæ¥ã«åœããŠéèŠãªåœå®¶ã®æŽå²æžã§ããåžçŽãšæ§èŸã誊å±ããããããªããšãªã©ããããªãã
ãŸãé¿çŠ®ã«åŠäœãªãåŠåã®çŽ é€ããã£ãŠããããã©ã®ãããªç°å¢ã§éããããã®ããäžæã§ããããšããå§çšç°ãåé¿çŠ®ããšèšãæžãæ¹ã¯æŒ¢æã§ã®ååè¡šèšã®ããæ¹ã§ããããæ§ããªããšããèŠè§£ãããããå§ã®ããæ¥æ¬ã«ãããŠããããæžãæ¹ã¯ããããªã[泚é 3]ã
æ¥æ¬ã®éèŠæç®ã®ç·šçºé¢ä¿è
ã§ããã®ãããªæ°å衚瀺ãããŠããäŸã¯ä»èŠã«ãªãããããããããå€äºèšããå
¬çãªå Žã«æåºãããææžãšããŠã®åœ¢åŒãåããŠãããšã¯èšããªãã
åŸã£ãŠç·šè
ã®äžäººã§ããçšç°é¿ç€Œã«ã€ããŠããã®å®åšæ§ã蚌æãåŸãªããšææãããããŸã以äžã«æããããšãããããå€äºèšããæ£å²ã§ã¯ãªãç·šçºè
äžæãªåœæžã§ãããšèšãã[3]ã
[å¿åãã]
é¢ä¿æ§è·¡ãªã©[ç·šé]
賣倪ç¥ç€ŸïŒå¥è¯ç倧åé¡å±±åžçšç°çºïŒ - çšç°é¿çŠ®åœïŒçšç°é¿ç€ŒïŒãäž»æç¥ãšãããä»è¿ãç¿å¥³åçšç°äžæã®å±
äœå°ã ã£ããããé¿ç€Œã®åºèº«å°ãšãããã
çšç°ç¥ç€ŸïŒå
µåº«çæä¿é¡å€ªåçºïŒ - é¿ç€Œæ¯å£²åœïŒçšç°é¿ç€ŒïŒãç¥ç¥ãšããã
é£éššããããè¡é - éäžã«ãçšç°é¿ç€Œçèªã®å°ããšã®çæ¿ãç«ãŠãããŠããã
åºçå°ã®åãåãã§ããªãããã ãã©è«žèª¬ãã£ãŠïŒã€ãããã¯ã¢ãããããŠãã®ããã
å
µåº«ã ãšæ¯å£²ã£ãœãã®ãã
ããããããããã_
ããããããã ïŒâãâãããããããã
ããããããïŒïŒâïŒ ãïŒâïŒ ïŒŒ
ãããã ïŒã ãïŒ__人__ïŒ ã ã ãã
ã ã ã |ããããïœ âÂŽãã ããã|ãããã
ã ãã ããããã ã ããããïŒãããã
ã ã ã ã ïŒãããããããããã
[å¿åãã]
æ¥æ¬ç¥éã人ã®ã«ã¿ããšããŠã®å¶åãããªããã©ãé¡ãæãã£ãŠã®ããªããæãããšããããããã
ã ãããé
é¡ïŒãå€ããããããªã«ãã£ããæ ããããããªãé¡ãä¿¡ä»°ã®å¯Ÿè±¡ãšãããã
ããªã¹ãæã ãšã¹ãã³ãã°ã©ã¹ãšãã§ããã
ããšã¯èæ°Žãšãã«æ ãèªåãšããªããããªãïŒ
ãã³ãã¥ãŒæã ãšæ¿ã£ãå·ã ã£ãïŒã¬ã³ãžã¹å·ãã§ããæŸãã§ããšããšããšãã ã£ãŠããããã ããæ¿ã£ãŠãŠãéã«è²ãã¯ã£ããèŠããæãããããã
ããããããããã_
ããããããã ïŒâãâãããããããã
ããããããïŒïŒâïŒ ãïŒâïŒ ïŒŒ
ãããã ïŒã ãïŒ__人__ïŒ ã ã ãã
ã ã ã |ããããïœ âÂŽãã ããã|ãããã
ã ãã ããããã ã ããããïŒãããã
ã ã ã ã ïŒãããããããããã
[å¿åãã]
äžæšæ¥å
«å¹¡æ§ã®å€å ã®æ± ã«éç²ãæµ®ããŠããã
æåºããšå±ãªãäœããªã®ããªã
æãå±ããªãæ¹ããããã®ãé¢ãã£ãŠãã®ããªã
ããããããããã_
ããããããã ïŒâãâãããããããã
ããããããïŒïŒâïŒ ãïŒâïŒ ïŒŒ
ãããã ïŒã ãïŒ__人__ïŒ ã ã ãã
ã ã ã |ããããïœ âÂŽãã ããã|ãããã
ã ãã ããããã ã ããããïŒãããã
ã ã ã ã ïŒãããããããããã
ã¢ãªã³ïŒéç²ïŒãšã¯ãå¯æ é€åãé²ãã æ¹æ²Œçã«ãããŠåŸ®çŽ°è»é¡ïŒäž»ã«æµ®éæ§èè»ïŒã倧çºçãæ°Žé¢ãèŠãå°œããã»ã©ã«ãªã£ãç¶æ
ãããã³ãã®è»é¡ãæããç²åç¶ã®è»äœããã ãã£ãŠæ°Žé¢ã«éç·è²ã®ç²ããŸããããã«èŠããããšããããéç²ïŒãããïŒããšåŒã°ããããã«ãªã£ããšèããããã
æŠèŠ[ç·šé]
æ°Žã®è¯ã®äžåœ¢æ
ã§ãèè»ã ãã§ã¯ãªããç·è»ããããªã ã·ã«ãããã®ãã¢ãªã³ãšåŒã¶å Žåãããããè¿å¹Žã§ã¯èè»äž»äœã§ããå Žåãæãããšãå€ããçã ãããã®ã¯ããã³ãã«å©ããããã»ã©è²ãæ¿ããªãã
ãã€ãŠãã¢ãªã³ãã®åŒç§°ã¯ãæ§æè»é¡ã®ä»£è¡šçš® Microcystis aeruginosa ã®å¥åãšããŠäœ¿ãããããã®èè»ã¯ã¬ã¹èãæã¡ãå¯å€©è³ªã§èŠããã矀äœã圢æãããããã¢ãªã³ãšããŠèŠ³æž¬ãããããã
æ¹æ²Œãç°å¢ãå£ç¯ã«ãã£ãŠã芳å¯ãããçš®ã¯å€åããã以äžã¯ããèŠãããå±åã
èè»ãã¯ããã¹ãã£ã¹å± Microcystis
ã¢ãããå± Anabaena
ã¢ããããã·ã¹å± Anabaenopsis
ç·è»ã¯ãã¬ã©å± Chlorella
ã€ã«ãã¢å± Scenedesmus
ã¯ã©ããã¢ãã¹å± Chlamydomonas
[å¿åãã]
被害[ç·šé]
ã¢ãªã³ãçºçãããšæ§ã
ãªäžéœåãçããã
人é瀟äŒã«ãããŠã¯ãæ¹æ²Œèªäœã®å©çšé害ãšãªãïŒäŸãã°é¯ãã¯ãããšããé€éãæ·¡æ°ŽæŒæ¥ãè¿é£ã®ç掻ç°å¢ã芪氎ã芳å
ç£æ¥ãªã©ïŒã»ããåæ°ŽæºãšããŠå©çšããæ°Žéæ°Žã®ç°èã»ç°å³ã®åå ãšãªã£ãããããã«ã¯äººã家çãžã®å¥åº·è¢«å®³ãæžå¿µãããããŸããæ¹æ²ŒåšèŸºã®çæ
ç³»ãªã©èªç¶ç°å¢ãæãªãããããé«ãã
é®å
ã«ãããã®æ°Žé¢ãã¢ãªã³ãèŠããšãæ°Žèãªã©ä»ã®æ°Žçæ€ç©ã¯ãå
åæãã§ããæ»æ»
ãããæ°Žèã®æ£®ã¯ãéé¡ã®ç£åµãçšéã®æè²å ŽæãšããŠéèŠã§ããããã®æ¶æ»
ã¯çæ
ç³»ã®ç Žç¶»ãæããããããããé
žæ¬ ã«ãããã®å€éã®åŒåžäœçšã«ãã溶åé
žçŽ ãæ¶è²»ãããéé¡ãªã©ã®åç©ãé
žçŽ æ¬ ä¹ã«ããæ»æ»
ãããæ¹æ²Œã¯æ²³å·ã«æ¯ã¹ãŠé
žçŽ ã®äŸçµŠå¹çãäœããæ°é®®æ°Žã«ããæŽãæµãå¹æãç¡ããããé
žæ¬ ãæããããããŸããã¢ãªã³ã®æ»éªžãæ¹åºã§è
æãããšãç¡«åæ°ŽçŽ ãªã©ã®éå
æ§ç©è³ªãçºçãããã¯ãé
žçŽ ãæ¶èãããæ¯çŽ ã«ãããã®èè»ã«ã¯éãªããœãŒã ããããã§ãããã¯ãã·ã¹ãã³ (Microcystin-LRãç¥:MC-LR)ãªã©ã®æ¯çŽ ãçç£ããåäœçŸ€ãå«ãŸããŠãã[1]ã赀朮ãšåæ§ã«éé¡ã®ãšã©ãéå¡ããçªæ¯ãããã»ãã«ããæ¯çŽ ã«ããã«ã¢ãªã©ã®é³¥é¡ïŒã¢ã€ã¬ã¢ïŒã®èèçµç¹ã«èç©ãææ»ãåŒãèµ·ãã[2]ããšãããããŸããã¢ã¡ãªã«ããªãŒã¹ãã©ãªã¢ãªã©æŸç§ãçããªåœã§ã¯ã飲çšãã家çã®ææ»è¢«å®³ãå€çºããŠããã»ããããã«å¯ŸããŠãã1996幎ãã©ãžã«ã§ãèäžå
šã«ããæ»è
50åãåºãäºä»¶ãå ±åãããŠãã[3]ã»ããçºçæ§ïŒèèã¬ã³ïŒãææãããŠããã
[ããããŸãã]
察ç[ç·šé]
æµæ°Žå Žã§ã®é«åºŠåŠçãªã©åçš®ã®å¯Ÿçãç 究ã»å®çšåãããŠããããã¢ãªã³ãã®ãã®ãæžå°ã»æ¶æ»
ãããããã«ã¯ãæ¹æ²Œã®å¯æ é€åã解æ¶ïŒç¹ã«ãªã³æ¿åºŠãäœäžïŒãããªã©æ ¹æ¬çãªå¯Ÿçãå¿
èŠãšãªããããªãã¡äžæ°ŽåŠçã«ãããè±ãªã³ã»è±çªçŽ ã®é«åºŠåŠçã®å°å
¥ãæµå蟲å°ã§ã®è¥æ䜿çšéã®é©æ£åãªã©ã§ããã
äžæ¹ã察ççæ³çã«ã¢ãªã³ãå¢æ®æå¶æãã¯é€å»ããæè¡ã®äŸïŒæè¡éçºäžãå«ãïŒãšããŠã
1.æ±²ã¿äžããéïŒæ¹æ²Œæ°Žãæ±²ã¿äžããã¢ãªã³ãæŒãåã£ãŠæ°Žãæ»ããã¢ãªã³ã¯è±æ°ŽãåŠåããïŒ
2.深局ææ°ïŒã¢ãªã³ãæ€ç©ã§ããããšãå©çšããå
ã®å±ããªãæ¹åºãžéã蟌ãã§äžæŽ»åãããè
æãæãããããææ°ããŠè¡ãïŒ
3.ç¡«é
žé
ãªã©ã®æ®ºè»å€ã®å©çš
4.ãã¯ããªã¢ãå©çš
5.ççŽ ç¹ç¶[4]ãšéã䜿ã£ãé€å»è£
眮ã2011幎ã«é€šæã»ã€ã€ãã岡å
¬åã§å®èšŒå®éš[5][6]ã
6.è¶
é³æ³¢ã«ããã¢ãªã³ãç Žå£[7][8][9][10] ã2013幎ã«ã¯å®èšŒè©Šéšãå
«éæ¹ã§è¡ããã[11][12]ã
7.è¶
é«å§æ°Žäžè¡ææ³¢[13]
ãªã©æ§ã
æãããäœã³ã¹ãã§å®çšçãªææ³ã¯åŸãããŠããªãã
æ°Žã®è¯
倪平æŽã®æ¥æ¬ä»è¿ã«çºçããæ°Žã®è¯ïŒNASA PDïŒ
æ°Žã®è¯ïŒã¿ãã®ã¯ãªïŒãããã¯è»é¡ãã«ãŒã ïŒãããããã«ãŒã ãè±: algal bloomïŒã¯ã埮å°ãªè»é¡ãé«å¯åºŠã«çºçãæ°Žé¢ä»è¿ãå€è²ããçŸè±¡ã
æ¥æ¬ã§ã¯æ·¡æ°Žåã«ãããæµ®éæ§èè»ãç·è»ããŠãŒã°ã¬ãè»ã®å€§çºçãæãããšãå€ãã欧米ã§ã¯æµ·æ°Žåã«ãããŠçªè»ã枊éæ¯è»ãªã©ã倧çºçããŠæ°Žé¢ãè€è²ã«ãªãçŸè±¡ã water-bloom ãšåŒã°ããããæ¥æ¬èªã§ã¯ããããè€è²ã赀系統ã®å€è²ã¯èµ€æœ®ãšåŒãã§åºå¥ããåŸåã匷ãã枩垯ã§ã¯å¬å£ã«æ°Žå¡äžã®èºå±€ãæ¶æ»
ããŠæ°Žé¢è¿ãã®æå
å±€ã«æ é€å¡©ãäŸçµŠãããæ¥å£ã«æ°æž©ã®äžæãšãšãã«æ°Žã®è¯ãçããçŸè±¡ãèŠããããããspring bloomãšåŒã¶ã
æ害è»é¡ãã«ãŒã [ç·šé]
æ害ãã©ã³ã¯ãã³ã«ãããã®ã¯ç¹ã«ãæ害è»é¡ãã«ãŒã ããHABs(Harmful Algal Blooms)ããšåŒã°ããããã©ã³ã¯ãã³ã埮现è»é¡ã®æ¯ã¯ãè²ãªã©ã«åã蟌ãŸãã人ã«æåãããå Žåã«äžæ¯ãåŒãèµ·ããã
[å¿åãã]
é®ã«èŒé
¢ãé¯ã®è
¹ã®å
ãé¯ã®è¡šé¢ã¯æŸç®
æ± ã®äžã¯åžžå€
ãããæ°Žã®è¯ãšããã®ãã
ããããããããã_
ããããããã ïŒâãâãããããããã
ããããããïŒïŒâïŒ ãïŒâïŒ ïŒŒ
ãããã ïŒã ãïŒ__人__ïŒ ã ã ãã
ã ã ã |ããããïœ âÂŽãã ããã|ãããã
ã ãã ããããã ã ããããïŒãããã
ã ã ã ã ïŒãããããããããã
[å¿åãã]
岩ç¡è £ã®èã®äžã¿ãããªãå
èãã
å
ã§æ¢ãŸããªããªãéïŒ
ããããããããã_
ããããããã ïŒâãâãããããããã
ããããããïŒïŒâïŒ ãïŒâïŒ ïŒŒ
ãããã ïŒã ãïŒ__人__ïŒ ã ã ãã
ã ã ã |ããããïœ âÂŽãã ããã|ãããã
ã ãã ããããã ã ããããïŒãããã
ã ã ã ã ïŒãããããããããã
[å¿åãã]
åºå®¶[ç·šé]
åºå®¶ã®èŠå [ç·šé]
ã¿ã€ã«ãããŠã¯ãä»æåŸã®ç·åã¯ãã¹ãŠåºå®¶ããã®ã瀟äŒçã«æãŸãããšãããŠãããåºå®¶è¡çºã瀟äŒçã«å¥šå±ãããåŸåã«ãããåºå®¶ããããã®æ¡ä»¶ãšããŠã¯ç·åã§20æ³ä»¥äžãå®æçãªçœªããªãããšãåæãšããŠãããã¡ãªã¿ã«ãåºå®¶ã®èŠå ãšããŠäž»ã«ä»¥äžã®ããšãæããããã§ãããã
1.æ人ããããã
2.ãã³ã䞡芪ã«ç®äžããããã
3.å®æçãªè¡çºãéããŠè¯ãä»æåŸã«ãªãã
4.眪ã®æ¶å»ïŒååæãåºãŠããäžææéãå§ã«ãªãç¿æ
£ãããïŒã
5.é
å¶è
åã³å®¶æã®æ»å»ã§ãæ¯ããŠããã家æãããªãã
6.æè²ãåããããã
è¿å¹Žã§ã¯ãã®åºå®¶ã®è¡çºã圢骞åã®åŸåã«ããã2.ãš3.ã建åãšããå®éã«ã¯1.ã®çç±ã«ãããæ人ééå瀌ãšããŠè¡ãããããšãå€ããäžæ¹ã§ããããããèªåæ¢ãããªã©ã®å
é¢ççç±ãã瀟äŒæ§ãã€ããããªã©ã®çŸå®çãªèŠå ãå°ãªããã絡ãã§ããããã ãåºæ¬çã«ã¯ã¿ã³ãã³ãããšããããšã倧åæã«ãªã£ãŠããã
4.ã¯ãå®æäžã®çœªãšæ³åŸäžã®çœªãéãªã£ãŠããå Žåãæ³åŸäžã®çœªãåã£ãŠããå®æäžã®çœªãåããšãããã®ã§ããã倧æµã¯æ°ã¶æã®åºå®¶ã«ãªããã殺人眪ãªã©ã§ãåºå®¶è
æ¬äººã«çžåœã®çœªã®åµè²¬ãããå Žåãæ¬äººã®ææ次第ã§äžçãµã³ã¬ã«èº«ã眮ãããŸãŸã«ãªãããšãããã
5.ã¯éåžžã«å€ãããæ©èœããŠããããµã³ã¬ãäžçš®ã®çŠç¥æœèšãšããŠæ©èœããŠããèå³æ·±ãäºäŸã§ããã
6.ã¯è²§ãã家ã«çãŸããããåŠæ¥ã«åªããŠããããã«å§ã«ãªã£ãŠä»æ倧åŠã«å
¥åŠãããšèšããã®ã§ããã
ä»ã«éåžžã«äŸå€çãªåºå®¶èŠå ããããããã¯ãµãã¥ãŒã³çã«åºãããµã ãµã ãšåŒã°ããã¿ã€æãšãã¬ãŒäººïŒãã¬ãŒã·ã¢äººã§ãªãããšã«æ³šæïŒã®æ··è¡éå£ã«ãããŠããµã ãµã ã®ã ã¹ãªã ããªã«ãã®ç¯ã«äœæ°ãªãä»ã«å©ããæ±ããŠããŸã£ãå ŽåãïŒã·ã£ãªãŒã¢çã«ã¯éæ³ã§ãããïŒã ã¹ãªã ãšããŠçŽç²ã«ãªãããã«ãäœæ°ãªãèè² ã£ãŠããŸã£ãä»ã«å¯Ÿããåããè¿äžãããªã©ã®æå³åãã§è¡ãããåºå®¶ã§ããã
[å¿åãã]
ãããã¿ããããããŸãã
äžå¹žãªäºãšã¯æããŸããåããå ±ããäŒãã£ãŠããã°ãããšæãç³ããããŸãã
åžžæåãäºããªå°ãã§ãç¥ãžã®åãæžãäºãå€ããã¬é¡ã
æŠç«ããã®åŸ©èã®åŠããŸãéŠéã®ã話ãå
æ°ã«ãããããæ¥ããé¡ããŸãã
ããããããããã_
ããããããã ïŒâãâãããããããã
ããããããïŒïŒâïŒ ãïŒâïŒ ïŒŒ
ãããã ïŒã ãïŒ__人__ïŒ ã ã ãã
ã ã ã |ããããïœ âÂŽãã ããã|ãããã
ã ãã ããããã ã ããããïŒãããã
ã ã ã ã ïŒãããããããããã
äžåº§éšä»æïŒããããã¶ã¶ã£ããããå·Ž: Theravādaã梵: Sthaviravādaãæ³°: เถรวาท, thěeráwâatãè±: Theravada BuddhismïŒã¯ãä»æã®åé¡ã®ã²ãšã€ãäžåº§ä»æ[泚é 1] ãããŒã©ã¯ãŒãä»æïŒããŒã©ãŽã¡ãŒãä»æïŒ[泚é 2]ããäžåº§ã (thera) ãšã¯ãµã³ã¬å
ã§å°æ¬ãããæ¯äžã®ããšã§ããé·èããšã挢蚳ããã[3][泚é 3]ã
ã¹ãªã©ã³ã«ããã£ã³ããŒãã¿ã€ãã«ã³ããžã¢ãã©ãªã¹ã«åºãŸããããŒãªèªä»å
žãåæãã[5]äžåº§éšä»æã¯ãåäŒä»æãšãåŒã°ã[5]ãããŒãªèªã®äžèµãäŒããŠããããšããããŒãªä»æãšããã[6]ãæ±ã¢ãžã¢ãããããããããã ãžäŒãã£ã倧ä¹ä»æïŒåäŒä»æïŒãšã¯ç°ãªãæŽå²çµéããã©ã£ããå°ä¹ä»æãšåŒã°ããããšãããããåäŒä»æåŽã®èªç§°ã§ã¯ãªãããã®ããã«åŒç§°ããã®ã¯äžé©åãšããã[7][泚é 4]ã
[å¿åãã]